chylomicron

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Related to chylomicron: Chylomicron Retention Disease

chylomicron

[ki″lo-mi´kron]

a particle of the class of lipoproteins responsible for the transport of exogenous cholesterol and triglycerides from the small intestine to tissues after meals. Chylomicrons are spherical particles with a core of triglycerides surrounded by a layer of phospholipids, cholesterol, and apolipoproteins.

chy·lo·mi·cron

, pl.

chy·lo·mi·cra

chy·lo·mi·crons

(kī'lō-mī'kron, -mī'kră, -mi'kronz),

A large lipid droplet (up to 100 mm in diameter) of reprocessed lipid synthesized in epithelial cells of the small intestine and containing triacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and several apolipoproteins (for example, A-I, B-48, C-I, C-II, C-III, E); the least dense (less than 1.006 g/mL) of the plasma lipoproteins that function as transport vehicles.

[chylo- + G. micros, small]

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

chylomicron

(kī′lō-mī′krŏn′)

A lipoprotein formed in the small intestine that transports dietary fats and cholesterol through the lymphatic system to the bloodstream. Chylomicrons are larger and less dense than very-low-density lipoproteins.

chy·lo·mi·cron

, pl. chylomicra, pl.chylomicrons (kī'lō-mī'kron, -kră,-kronz)

A droplet of reprocessed lipid synthesized in epithelial cells of the small intestine; the least dense of the plasma lipoproteins.

[chylo- + G. micros, small]

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

chylomicron

the form in which fat is transported from the gut to the rest of the body, consisting of a lipid core surrounded by an envelope of protein, cholesterol and phospholipid. Chylomicrons are around 100 nm across and are formed in the intestinal mucosa, from where they enter the LACTEALS and eventually the bloodstream.

Collins Dictionary of Biology, 3rd ed. © W. G. Hale, V. A. Saunders, J. P. Margham 2005

References in periodicals archive ?

To confirm the role of LRP1 in the insulin-stimulated hepatic uptake of postprandial chylomicrons, hepatic LRP1 expression was ablated by injecting [LRP1.sup.flox] mice with an adenovirus expressing Cre recombinase.

The LDL Receptor-Related Protein 1: At the Crossroads of Lipoprotein Metabolism and Insulin Signaling

Mok, "Chylomicron clearance in normal and hyperlipidemic man," Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, vol.

Exercise and dietary-mediated reductions in postprandial lipemia

Size and lipid composition of chylomicrons of different Svedberg units of flotation.

T.H. Pullar memorial address. Pathology: the study of structure and function in health and diseases

The effect of black tea on the concentrations of chylomicron remnants has not been reported.

Effect of black tea on the fasting concentrations of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants in humans. (Original Research)

The above approach will correctly classify most body fluids as either containing or devoid of chylomicrons. However, we have noticed that in approximately 2.5% of lipoprotein electrophoresis tests conducted in our laboratory, nonchylomicron species (most likely cellular fragments or other lipid-containing debris) can give rise to a positive signal at the application point in body fluid samples devoid of chylomicrons.

A Man with Recurrent Ascites after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

This results in a much reduced level of newly-formed chylomicrons in the bloodstream, which are considered to be the cause of the acute and recurring bouts of pancreatitis seen in lipoprotein lipase deficiency (LPLD) subjects.

Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics reports positive data from Glybera study

[43] Patients with this disorder have premature atherosclerosis in peripheral vessels and coronary arteries, in addition to accumulations of chylomicron remnant and VLDL in the fasting state.

The ubiquitous, lipids and related diseases: A laboratory perspective

Proposed mechanisms of action of TRL remnants include interference with vasorelaxation[63,71] and subendothelial accumulation of chylomicron remnants.[64]

The laboratory's role in identifying lipid and lipoprotein risk factors for CHD

A fraction of remnant cholesterol was measured directly in 6140 participants from the CGPS enrolled in the study in 2013-14, by use of an automated assay by Denka Seiken measuring the cholesterol content in chylomicron and VLDL remnants specifically, with the aid of enzymes and surfactants.

Extreme nonfasting remnant cholesterol vs extreme LDL cholesterol as contributors to cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in 90000 individuals from the general population

Dietary fat from the intestine enters the bloodstream as chylomicron lipoproteins (which are primarily triglycerides).

Atherosclerosis and Diabetes CONFERENCES

Plasmapheresis removes triglycerides and chylomicron from the circulation very rapidly.

Pitfalls in hypertriglyceridemia induced acute pancreatitis

Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency and related disorders of chylomicron metabolism.