1. TSEM:
Plagiarism and
APA Style
Laksamee Putnam – Research &
Instruction Librarian
Slides: http://bit.ly/tsemlutherfa2016c3
Please login to a computer and
go to this URL
4. It’s out there, why not reuse it?
ImagebyDuaneHoffmann
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885
Sydell. L. (2015) Online stars feel cheated
as YouTube/Facebook battle over videos.
All Tech Considered/Morning Edition.
http://bit.ly/youtubevsfacebookvideo
Lang, J.M. (2015) Cheating inadvertently.
The Chronicle of Higher Education.
Retrieved from
http://chronicle.com/article/Cheating-
Inadvertently/229883/
Godin, S. (2014) Why I want you to steal
my ideas. ideas.ted.com Retrieved from
http://ideas.ted.com/2014/02/03/the-big-
mistake-we-all-make-about-ideas/
• What is your definition of
plagiarism?
• What makes some
plagiarism “wrong” or
“right”?
5. Pre-class citation
Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz
Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A.
(2012). Relations between faculty use of
online academic resources and student class
attendance. Computers & Education, 59(2),
167-172. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028
8. Style Manuals
Different disciplines use different
style manuals
Social Sciences = American
Psychological Association (APA)
Humanities = MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers (MLA)
9. The point is…
Acknowledge where you found the
information
Briefly identify the source
Allows others to find additional information
10. What needs to be cited?
Books
Web Pages
Magazine articles
Graphics
VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
Government reports
Statistics
Encyclopedia articles
Any source of information!
11. What needs to be cited?
Direct quotes
Ideas borrowed
Paraphrased material
12. In-text Citation needs:
Direct Quote
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Page number
Paraphrase
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
13. Direct Quote: In-text citation
Obesity was once considered “either a moral
failing or evidence of underlying
psychopathology” (Yanovski and Yanovski,
2002, p. 592).
A relationship is defined as “the
interdependence between two or more
people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).
14. Direct Quote: In-text citation
Longer than 40 words?
Indented five spaces from left margin in block
format
Usually it is better to paraphrase
15. The wrong way to paraphrase:
Failure to Cite Source
Original
“They desire, for
example, virtue and
the absence of vice, no
less really than
pleasure and the
absence of pain.”
Source: Mill, John Stuart.
“Utilitarianism.” On Liberty and Other
Essays. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1998. Quote is from page
169.
Paraphrase
People want morality
just as much as they
want happiness.
16. The wrong way to paraphrase:
Lack of Significant Rewording
Original
“To the young
American architects
who made the
pilgrimage, the most
dazzling figure of all
was Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School.”
Source: Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus to
Our House. New York: Farrar Straus
Giroux, 1981. Quote is from page 10.
Paraphrase
To young American
architects who went to
Germany, the most
dazzling figure was
Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School
(Wolfe, 1981).
17. In-text Citations
More than one author
Two authors
Greenfield and Savage (1990)
(Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)
Three to five authors
You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the first
citation.
Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed…
(Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)
After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”
Terrace et al. (1979) stated……
(Terrace et al., 1979)
Six or more authors
Use first authors last name and then et al.
18. In-text Citations
Organization as author
Government or other organization
Use organization name as author in signal
phrase
Use organization in parenthetical citation
The National Institute of Mental Health (2001)…
(National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)
19. Special cases
If you have more than one author with the
same last name, use the first initial in the
citation
(Smith, A., 2002)
If you have more than one work in the same
year by the same author, use letters a, b, c,
etc. to indicate correct source
(Entman, 2004a)
20. References
The in-text citation must match up with the references entry
Use the heading “References” at the top of a new page
List entries alphabetically
Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization name or
title)
Double space each entry
No extra spaces between entries
If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent
21.
22. References - Website
Create a reference for this website
Author or sponsoring organization:
Last update or Copyright date?:
Title of page:
Format if applicable:
Retrieved from:
23. References - Website
Create a reference for this website
Author or sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human
Services
Last update or Copyright date?: (n.d.).
Title of page: What is cyberbullying.
Format if applicable:
Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-
it/index.html
24. Website example
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.).
What is cyberbullying. Retrieved from
http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-
it/index.html
Notes:
1. If you can’t find a date n.d. is inserted as an abbreviation for No Date
2. No italics! Read more about the italic rule here.
3. Format is inserted between [brackets] and can be used for [Video file] [Brochure]
etc.
4. Date retrieved is only required if content is likely to change
25. References – Books
Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors:
Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Book Title:
Publication information:
City and state
Publisher
26. References – Books
Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors: Grant, J.
Date of publication: (1994).
Book Title: I hate school!: Some common sense
answers for educators & parents who want to
know why & what to do about it
Publication information: Rosemont, NJ: Modern
Learning Press.
27. Book Example
Grant, J. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense
answers for educators & parents who want to know
why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ: Modern
Learning Press.
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial, publication date,
book title, and publisher.
2. Book title is always in italics.
3. Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:), and
proper nouns (Sentence capitalization).
28. References – Journals
Create a reference for this journal article
Article author:
Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Article title:
Periodical title:
Publication information:
Volume number and issue number (if available)
Page numbers
Digital Object Identifier number:
29. References – Journals
Create a reference for this journal article
Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.
Date of publication: (2011).
Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary science
education.
Periodical title: Journal of Science Education & Technology,
Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.
Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-011-
9299-yx
30. Journal Example
Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using theatre in
primary science education. Journal of Science Education &
Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication date,
article title, and publication information.
2. A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one author),
journal title and volume number.
3. Article title is never italicized – always written normal.
4. Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and after
volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering.
5. Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:), and
proper nouns.
6. Place a space between author first name and middle initial
31. Journal Articles Extra Info
Articles retrieved from a database such as
EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to include
database information
Articles not including a doi number should contain
the journal URL after the page numbers such as
Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe
This may require you to Google search for the journal
website
33. Citations Relay
Rules:
Only one person from each team maybe writing on
the board
No corrections until after designated writer is
finished and the judge has checked the citation
No cheating and using the built in citation creator!!!
First team to complete the citation correctly wins!
34. Round 1 – Books
Create the full APA reference for this book
http://bit.ly/round1relay
35. Round 2 – Journal Article
Create a full APA reference for this article
http://bit.ly/round2relay
36. Questions?
Feel free to contact me:
Laksamee Putnam
lputnam@towson.edu
410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Or any reference librarian:
Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
410.704.2462.
IM – tucookchat
