Smart Farming Using IoT

Volume 4, Issue 4, April – 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Smart Farming Using IoT

1 2 3
Reshma S Ramya J Swathi S
Assistant Professor Global Academy of Technology Global Academy of Technology
4 5
Srinidhi B M Sindhu R N
Global Academy of Technology Global Academy of Technology
Abstract:- Farming is a backbone of India from ages. The farmer can post his grown crops along with the
Due to the migration of people from rural to urban, details in an android application. The Dealer by logging in
there are some obstructions. Every Plants and crops to the application can view all the crops posted by the
have their own requirements in terms of water, farmer, If the Dealer wish to buy the crops he can directly
Fertilizers and weather. This can be overcome through communicate with the respective Farmer which helps in
Smart Farming Techniques using IoT. This project eliminating the Mediator so that the Farmer get more Profit.
includes various features such as protecting crop, Rain
water harvesting, crop monitoring via Applications and II. RELATED WORKS
Intruder Detection. This can be achieved by interfacing
sensors and Microcontroller. This project helps farmer To improve the performance of the farm background
by control the farm field through an Application. This research work has been done. The paper presents
concept is created as a product and given to the monitoring and controlling the farm field in smart way.
farmer’s welfare. Wireless sensor network is used by the system to monitor
the environmental condition such as Humidity, soil
Keywords:- Farming, Metal Flips, Iot, Sensors, Actuators, moisture level, water level in farm field for controlling the
Android Application. farm [7].
I. INTRODUCTION The proposed system helps user to improve quality

and quantity of their farm field by sensing ambient
The basic source of livelihood in India is Agriculture. temperature, soil moisture value and water level in the farm
India is in Second place when it comes to Farming, field without any human interaction. The paper focuses on
Agriculture production varies in terms of Temperature, Soil intelligent, dynamic and automated irrigation system for
Fertility, rain fall and pesticides. Agriculture is affected the agriculture crops. The system mainly concentrates on
mainly due to insufficiency of water and it uses almost 85% controlling the irrigation process and preservation of water
of water resources worldwide. On an average 60% of water resources automatically by Raspberry Pi. The automation
used in irrigation is wasted. As the demand on water part will be controlled through python programming [8].
consumption is increasing, there is an urgent need to create
strategies for sustainable use of water. III. EXISTING SYSTEM
Farmers need not be present in the field where Farm Lands and Fields situated miles away from your
checking of water availability to crops will be checked and home. Long walk-ways in remote agriculture lands also face
based on that motors will be worked automatically as well associated threats from wild animals, bugs, bees, snakes and
as manually. other potential hazards from lightning. Protecting your
equipment from theft and power fluctuations could be a
Heavy rainfall can damage the crops, which will be a serious concern for many.
complete loss of agriculture production to farmers which
can be avoided by closing the metal flips in the farm land In the existing system for crop protection Arduino
when there is a rainfall by checking the water content in the boards are used and Arduino board acts as a
soil. microcontroller. Here the set up cost is bit high which may
pose problems for the installation.
This paper presents the Farming by monitoring and
controlling the farmland by using the sensors such as soil In order to overcome all these features Raspberry Pi3
moisture sensor, Rain water sensor, Temperature sensor and is used instead of Arduino boards or Renessa
Infrared sensor. The system can control water supply to Microcontrollers, Raspberry Pi3 a latest version and also it
farm land manually or automatically. acts as a microcontroller and microprocessor. Here in this
system one can access and control agriculture system via
The farmer can monitor the farmland via the Android laptop, mobile or a computer.
application, if any illegal activities on going on or if
someone enters the field the farmer will be notified and by
noticing who has entered the farmland the farmer can Turn
off the Buzzer.
IJISRT19AP564 www.ijisrt.com 839

ISSN No:-2456-2165
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
 Remote control and Monitoring system

It provides the farmer to gain better control and
visibility of farm field operations and to get better decisions
about the water level and intruder activities.
 Wireless Communication
The purpose of this project is to reduce the manual
monitoring in the farm field and get the farm field
information through an application [1].
 Protect the crops from natural disasters

Avoiding the crops getting damaged from the heavy
rain.
 Read the soil moisture level

Different crops will have the different moisture level
[3]. So depending on the moisture level in the field, the
required amount of water will be allowed to flow to the Fig. 2:- DFD-Level 1
crops [2].
Here Process box is decomposed as an second level
 High reliability diagram which explains the working of an each individual
With great quality and reliable of irrigation, farmer sensor.
can provide required amount of water to the farm field
which results in avoiding crops from heavy water supply. So
farmer will obtain high yield response even with scarcity of
irrigation of water.
V. FLOW DIAGRAMS
Level0 DFD contains process and primary input and

output. They are also known as fundamental system
models.
Fig. 3:- DFD-Level 2 MOISTURE BASED ON/OFF
Fig. 1:- DFD-Level 0
The 1st level DFD includes the major processes within

the system. It describes the old target system.
Fig. 4:- DFD-Level 2 INTRUDER DETECTION

ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Things/machine to things/machine, interacting though
internet.
Fig. 5:- DFD-Level 2 PROTECTION MECHANISM
VI. TECHNOLOGY STACK
A. Internet of Things (IoT)

It is the Scope of Internet to extent to interconnect
different objects. The goal of IoT is to connect the
unconnected objects which have not connected currently to
network. There are number of wireless communications Fig. 6:- Overview of IoT
protocols that are currently used to support IoT
technologies. B. System Architecture
We define IoT into three categories as below:

 People to people,
 People to machine/things,
Fig. 7:- System Architecture

ISSN No:-2456-2165
Sensors will be giving the value and through the
python code comparision will be done with the threshold
value. Rain sensor mainly checks the presence of the rain
that helps in closing the metal flips to save the crops from
the heavy rain. The water will be allowed to supply to the
crop field based on the moisture content in farm field using
moisture sensor. If the moisture level is low, Moisture
sensor will send the value to the Raspberry pi and it will
provide sufficient water to the crops.
C. Raspberry Pi 3, Model B Structure

Fig 9
 Infrared sensor:
An infrared sensor detects the motion of the object. It
will detect the heat of an object when an object passes near
to the sensor.
Fig 10
 Soil moisture sensor:

The Moisture sensor detects the water level in the
soil. When the soil has insufficient water then the output
will be high or else the output will be low. This sensor will
Fig. 8:- Raspberry pi basic structure remind the user to water the farm land and monitors the
moisture present in the soil.
Raspberry pi is designed by the Raspberry pi
foundation and it is manufactured in micro size computer. It
includes ARM1176JZFS700 MHz processor, Video Core
IV GPU and was originally shipped with 256 megabytes of
RAM, later upgraded to 512MBIt uses SD card for booting
and storing it in model B+ using a Micro SD, it will not
include any of the built-in hard disk or a solid state drives.
The main programming language used by Raspberry

pi is Python.
D. Types of Sensors
 Rain water sensor:

It detects the presence of a rain. When rain drops falls
on the metal board, some amount of current is generated
which detects the rain.
Fig 11

ISSN No:-2456-2165
VII. CONCLUSION
Through sensors agriculture can be connected to IoT

which will be useful to create a connection between farm
field and the farmer etc... By using latest IoT concepts
farmer can get information and notification of various
mechanism performed in the farm field by using various
sensors. IoT based agriculture production system can be
used to provide quality in their agricultural product and
farmers observe the whole cycle from seeding to selling.
Using IoT application farmer can monitor the farm land via
mobiles or computers constantly.
REFERENCES
[1]. Tanmay Raranwal, Nitika, Pushpendra Kumar

Pateriya, “Development of IoT based smart security
and monitoring devices for agriculture” IEEE
conference publication,2016.
[2]. Joaquin Gutierrez, “Automated Irrigation System
Using a Wireles Sensor Network and GPRS Module”,
IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and
Measurement, Vol.63, No.1, January2014.
[3]. Rajeev R, Mahesh dali, “Implementation of IoT in
Monitoring and Control of Agricultural Activities”
International Journal of Engineering Research And
Technology, Vol.4 issue-07,July-2015.
[4]. Zheng, Deng, X, 2011, “Development of a Smart
Mobile Farming Service System”, Mathematical and
Computer Modelling. 54(3):1194-1203.
[5]. Kresimir Grgic, Ivan Speh, “A web based IoT
solution for Monitoring data using MQTT Protocol”
IEEE conference publication,2016.
[6]. N. Putjaika, S. Phusae, A Chen-Im, P. Phunchongham
and K. Akkarajitsakul, “A control system in an
intelligent farming by using arduino technology”,
2016 Fifth ICT International Student Project
Conference (ICT-ISPC), Nakhon Pathon, 2016, pp.
53-56.
[7]. Shweta B.saraf, Dhanashri H, Gwali “IoT Based
Smart Irrigation Monitoring And Controlling System”
2017 2nd IEEE International Conference On Recent
Trends in Electronics Information & Communication
Technology(RTEICT), Ma 10-20,2017,India.
[8]. Bhagyashree K.Chate, Prof.J.G.Rana, “Smart
Irrigation System Using Raspberry Pi” International
Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology(IRJET), vol. 03, Issue 05, pp. 1, May-
2016.
[9]. David Hanes, Gonzalo Salgueiro, Patrick Grossetete,
Robert Barton, Jerome Henry, “IoT Fundamentals:
Networking Technologies, Protocols, and Use Cases
for the Internet of Things”, 1st Edition, Pearson
Education. (ISBN: 978-9386873743)
[10]. Raj Kamal, “Internet of Things: Architecture and
Design Principles”, 1st Edition,McGraw Hill
Education, 2017. (ISBN: 978-9352605224)

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Volume 4, Issue 4, April – 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

Smart Farming Using IoT

I. INTRODUCTION The proposed system helps user to improve quality

IJISRT19AP564 www.ijisrt.com 839

 Remote control and Monitoring system

 Protect the crops from natural disasters

 Read the soil moisture level

Level0 DFD contains process and primary input and

Fig. 3:- DFD-Level 2 MOISTURE BASED ON/OFF

Fig. 1:- DFD-Level 0

The 1st level DFD includes the major processes within

Fig. 4:- DFD-Level 2 INTRUDER DETECTION

IJISRT19AP564 www.ijisrt.com 840

Fig. 5:- DFD-Level 2 PROTECTION MECHANISM

VI. TECHNOLOGY STACK

A. Internet of Things (IoT)

We define IoT into three categories as below:

Fig. 7:- System Architecture

IJISRT19AP564 www.ijisrt.com 841

C. Raspberry Pi 3, Model B Structure

 Soil moisture sensor:

The main programming language used by Raspberry

 Rain water sensor:

IJISRT19AP564 www.ijisrt.com 842

Through sensors agriculture can be connected to IoT

[1]. Tanmay Raranwal, Nitika, Pushpendra Kumar

IJISRT19AP564 www.ijisrt.com 843

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