A Study of Public Transport Accessibility in Pauri Garhwal District of Uttrakhand, India

Volume 5, Issue 2, February – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
A Study of Public Transport Accessibility in Pauri

Garhwal District of Uttrakhand, India
RAIZ AHMED*
* Post Graduate Department of Geography
HNB Garhwal (Central University), Srinagar Uttrakhand, India-246174
Abstract:- Accessibility is the main essential part of the characterized as the facilitation in accessing a specific area or
transportation system. Transport accessibility is to make location (Mavoa et al., 2012).
available a healthier connectivity location to reduce the
overcrowding on the road. In this research paper, we It is a measure of the advantage of the location of a zone
discuss the transport accessibility on the different main or area compared to the other zones and areas (Biosca and
road of Garhwal district of Uttrakhand. Transport in Stepniak, 2013). Good accessibility of public transport
urban areas has gained a larger concentration in modern improves the accessibility to other services as well (Abreha,
years for civilizing sustainability and the worth of 2007).
existence. For this purpose, we selected the main four sites
of transport accessibility in the district namely Srinagar, Service access and urban public transport accessibility
Pauri, Lansdowne and Kotdwar. The transport cognation have always been a major service issue in urban public
on these sites is very high. We noted the different types of transport. In the network design of transit services, researchers
transport vehicle volume on a different road and collect are often more focused on minimizing the user and operator
the data. The different transport vehicles are Bus, Mini costs rather than incorporating the issues of equity and
Bus Truck, Tracker, Car and Two-wheeler on the road. access (Murray, 2003 et al., 2017).
Keywords:- Transport System, Transport Accessibility,  Location of Study AR EA

Healthier Connectivity, Civilizing Sustainability, Public District Pauri or Pauri Garhwal is located in the state of
Health. Uttarakhand in Northern India with the town of Pauri as its
headquarters. It lies between latitude 29.26 and 30.19 N and
I. INTRODUCTION longitude 78.12 and 79.14 E. The maximum length from east
to west is 103 km. and the maximum breadth from north to
Accessibility is the mainly significant outcome of the south about 100 km. The total geographical area of the district
transportation system. Public transport can be further eye- is 5,329 km2. The district is bounded by Dehradun and
catching by providing "Door to door mobility" and Hardwar on the west, district Bijnor (Uttar Pradesh) on the
enlargement of transportation services is an imperative feature south, district Nainital and Almora in the south-east, districts
of social eminence. Transport accessibility has gained crucial Chamoli and Rudraprayag on northeast and north and the
value in conniving and evaluating the transit system in north-west is Tehri Garhwal. District Pauri is part of Garhwal
conditions sustainability. Distant from the transport system Himalaya; Siwalik and Doors as per regional division’s
itself, public transport accessibility has a significant collision scheme. The average height varies between 500 and 3000
on the fulfillment and needs of life in the remote area of the meters from the mean sea level. The district is entirely
district. In addition, researchers have exposed numerous mountainous. It consists of a succession of steep mountain
impacts and relationships and conditions of transport ridges separated from each other by deep glens. The sub-
accessibility to the surroundings and daily life which would mountain tract in the southern part of the district is known as
have a perceptible effect on community health and other Bhabar.
aspects of inhabitant’s daily life. Transport in urban areas has
gained a larger concentration in modern years for civilizing The study area consists of mainly main four sampling
sustainability and the worth of existence. site Srinagar, Pauri, Lansdowne and Kotdwar and other main
roads as shown in the map given below. The distance between
In general, accessibility is labeled as physical access to the Pauri to Srinagar 35km approximately and the distance
goods, services, and destinations. In the context of urban between Lansdowne to Kotdwar is 39.1 km via NH534. The
economics and geography, accessibility, which is one of the accessibility noted on these roads on the bases of data
most important outcomes of the transportation system, is collection numbers of vehicles travel per hour.
IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 749

ISSN No:-2456-2165
Fig 1
 Objective
1. To analyses the public transport accessibility in different  Method and Observation:
roads of Pauri Garhwal District of Uttrakhand. The accessibility of transport is studies under the below
2. To know the minimum and maximum Transport volume on table through data collation and observation of study area.
the roads.
 Bus Accessibility in Pauri Garhwal District
II. METHODOLOGY The bus is one of the key transports in Garhwal District.
It is one of the most important sources to carries the goods and
For this study both primary and secondary data is services at various locations in the remote area of the District.
collected. Primary data based on the field survey conducted in The maximum accessibility of Bus is lying on the Srinagar to
various parts of the district. Secondary data collected from Rudraprayag Road is 4.74% and the Minimum accessibility of
books, article and various journals. bus is lying on the Kotdwar to Dehradun and another Road
have shown medium accessibility index as in the (TableNo.1).

ISSN No:-2456-2165
Bus Accessibility
S.R. No Link Road Accessibility index
1 2
1 Kotdwar to Lansdowne 2.79
2 Kotdwar to Srinagar 2.91
3 Kotdwar to Dehradun 2.16
4 Pauri to Kotdwar 3.51
5 Pauri to Srinagar 2.95
6 Srinagar to Rishikesh 2.60
7 Srinagar to Rudraprayag 4.74
Source:- Data based on field Survey

Table 1:- Bus Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal District
 Mini Bus Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

Mini Bus is another major source of transport in the rural and urban areas of Garhwal district. Most of the peoples of Garhwal
travel in mini bus because the fare is very low and it provide comfort transport facilities. The accessibility of mini bus in the district is
not good but it considers being average. The maximum accessibility of mini bus is recorded on the Srinagar to Rudraprayag and
minimum mini bus accessibility recorded on the Kotdwar to Dehradun and other roads have moderate accessibility as in the (Table
No.2)
Mini Bus Accessibility

S.R. No Link Road Accessibility Index
1 2
4 Pauri to kotdwar 2.40
Table 2: Mini Bus Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal
 Tracker Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

The accessibility of Tracker in district is very high and maximum no of tracker noticed on the Pauri, Srinagar, and Rudraprayag
and the concentration of tracker is very low is on the Kotdwar and Lansdowne Road. The maximum accessibility in Srinagar to
Rishikesh is 14.56% and minimum accessibility in Kotdwar to Dehradun is 5.15% as shown in (Table No.3). Tracker is also one of the
major sources of transport in Rural as well as the Urban Area in the District.

ISSN No:-2456-2165
Tracker Accessibility
1 2
Table 3: Tracker Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal
 Truck Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

The concentration of Truck accessibility in the Garhwal district is very high because it is a hilly district and no other source of
Transportation of goods and services from one place to another. The maximum accessibility of Truck in Pauri to Kotdwar is 20.30 %
and minimum accessibility in Kotdwar to Dehradun 11.63% as shown in (Table No.4).
Truck Accessibility
1 2
Table 4: Truck Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal
 Car Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

Car is another most important Commercial and personal transport service in the district. The maximum Accessibility of car in
Kotdwar to Lansdowne road is 31.73% and Minimum Accessibility in Pauri to Kotdwar Road is 27.96% and other road accessibility is
defiantly very high as shown in (Table No.5)
Car Accessibility
1 2
Table 5: Car Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Two Wheeler Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

Two Wheeler is also a major Source of transport in the rural Area of the Garhwal. The concentration of Two-wheeler is very
high in the district. The Maximum Accessibility of Two Wheeler in Kotdwar to Dehradun is 43.30% and Minimum accessibility in
Kotdwar to Srinagar is 35.76% as shown in (Table No.6
Two wheeler Accessibility

1 2
Table 6: Two Wheeler Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal
 Total Spatial Road Transport Accessibility Of Pauri Garhwal District

The below map shows the total accessibility of road transports in the district. Total accessibility of transport varies with time and
volume of the road transports. This show that the traffic saturation is varied from the level of bus accessibility is (2.16 to 4.74%), Mini
Bus Accessibility is (1.76 to 2.81%), Tracker Accessibility (5.15 to14.56%), Truck accessibility (11.63 to 20.30%), Car Accessibility
(27.96 to36.38%) and Two-wheeler Accessibility (35.06 to 43.30%).
Fig 2:- Map of Total Spatial Road Transport Accessibility in Pauri District

ISSN No:-2456-2165
III. CONCLUSION AND RESULTS [6]. Patankar. P.G., “Quality in Road Passenger Transport”,
Journal of Transport Management, Pune: CIRT, PP. 5-
At last, we conclude that the bus and truck accessibility 13. 1985
in the hilly area is maximum due to the poor transport [7]. Ram Swami, G.“Road Network in Tiruchi and Thanjavur
infrastructure, poor quality of roads, hilly and terrain slope. Planning region”. V.L.S. Prakash Rao and Others (Ed.),
There is no other source for the transport of goods and Reading in planning and development, Madras, I.G.S.,
services without the truck and bus in the hilly area of the 1976, pp. 150-60.
District Garwhal. Otherwise, in the plain area of the district, [8]. Taaffe, E.J., H.L. Gauthier and M.E. O’Kelly (1996)
various other types of sources that provide the proper Geography of Transportation, 2nd edn, Upper Saddle
connectivity and many sources of income, so for that, the River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
accessibility of car and Two-wheelers is very high in the plane [9]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauri_Garhwal_district
area of the District. [10]. District Census Book of Garhwal District
Improvement of recent means of transport is an

assessment of the culture and economic development of a
nation. The national government in all countries irrespective
of the financial systems they adopted embarked on a huge
state towards the development of transport communications
corresponding with the necessities of the economy and the
obtainable wealth.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author is thankful to the all the respondents of Pauri

Garhwal district for their cooperation and support during the
field survey and also thankful to employee of local bus and
tracker stand for providing data related to transport. The sense
of gratitude is also extended to my parents for encouraging me
from time to time for this study.
REFRENCES
[1]. Briggs, K. (1972) Introducing Transportation Networks,

London: University of London Press. Cambridge
Systematic (1996) Quick Response Freight Manual,
Federal Highway Administration, Office of Planning and
Environment Technical Support Services for Planning
Research, http://tmip.
fhwa.dot.gov/clearinghouse/docs/quick/Quick.pdf.
[2]. Geurs, K. T., van Wee, B. (2004). Accessibility
evaluation of land-use and transport strategies: review
and research directions. Journal of Transport Geography.
12(2), pp. 127–140.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2003.10.005
[3]. Handy, S. L. (2002). Accessibility- Vs. Mobility-
enhancing Strategies for Addressing Automobile
Dependence in the U.S. Institute of Transportation
Studies, University of California, Davis, USA.
[4]. Hurst, M.E.E., 1974: Transportation Geography,
Comments and Readings, McGraw Hill, pp, 55
[5]. Jarboui, Sami, et al. “Public Road Transport Efficiency:
a Literature Review via the classification scheme.”
Public Transport, vol. 4, no. 2, 2012,pp.101-
128.,doi:10.1007/s12469-012-0055-3

A Study of Public Transport Accessibility in Pauri Garhwal District of Uttrakhand, India

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Volume 5, Issue 2, February – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

A Study of Public Transport Accessibility in Pauri

Keywords:- Transport System, Transport Accessibility,  Location of Study AR EA

IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 749

IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 750

Source:- Data based on field Survey

 Mini Bus Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

Mini Bus Accessibility

 Tracker Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 751

 Truck Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

 Car Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 752

 Two Wheeler Accessibility In Pauri Garhwal

Two wheeler Accessibility

 Total Spatial Road Transport Accessibility Of Pauri Garhwal District

IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 753

Improvement of recent means of transport is an

The author is thankful to the all the respondents of Pauri

[1]. Briggs, K. (1972) Introducing Transportation Networks,

IJISRT20FEB379 www.ijisrt.com 754

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