Volume 5, Issue 2, February – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Analysis of Scheduling Effectiveness and

Project Delay Factors in Project Q
Fauzan Azhim Umsohi *) , Tukhas Shilul Imaroh **)
*) Universitas Mercu Buana
Jl. Meruya Selatan, Kembangan, Jakarta Barat 11650.
**) Universitas Mercu Buana
Jl. Meruya Selatan, Kembangan, Jakarta Barat 11650.

Abstract:- This research was conducted to get a better outside vendor it takes a relatively longer time and often
and more effective schedule in a project compared to even exceeds the time agreed upon with the vendor.
the existing one that was made by combining all the
time needed in each task and also to know the factors Here are some projects related to vendors and their
that caused the delay in project because of the project timeframe and realization of the process,
studied in this research was delayed for 11 days. The
project itself is data transformation project. Which is
an endeavor undertaken to adjust company's internal
data with other companies or vendors for specific
purpose. There will be sacrifices incurred by the
company both in time and financial if the schedule takes
too much time and if there's a delay in the project. For
this reason, researcher wants to apply a scheduling
method which is CPM to find out whether the
scheduling is effective or not and to further explore
what factors are causing delayed project which is
happen to the case the researcher studied on. In this
case, researcher using tools such as work breakdown
structure and fishbone diagram to find the root cause of Fig 1:- Research Framework
the problem and apply PDCA as an endeavor of
improvement. The expected result is getting a better This figure shows that most of the project samples
schedule and the main factors that cause delay so that it taken exceeded the specified schedule. This is seen from
can be used to improve the effectiveness of next project. top management as being less competent than the IT team
itself apart from the role of other teams in addition to the
Keywords:- CPM, Project, Schedule, Delay, Fishbone. effort and additional costs that need to be incurred due to
extend over the allotted time. In addition, in the
I. INTRODUCTION implementation of the process, there are many more
detailed steps that should be regulated in such a way that
Every company in the face of the times will always the project work time is not necessary as long as it is now,
develop and try to achieve better targets than before by where currently the schedule is determined linearly where
involving all the elements and components that play a role the total working time is the total hours for each activity
in the company. Of course, every component in the carried out in a project.
company has their respective strategies in achieving the
vision of the company, especially the special section or II. METHODS
division that plays a direct role with the information system
because it is directly dealing with the advancement of A project can be interpreted as a temporary effort
information technology that is very fast developing. taken to create a unique product, service or outcome. 1 The
research methodology used on to this project describes the
To cope with this situation, companies usually procedures regarding the research steps that are arranged
teaming up with smaller companies or vendors to handle systematically. A systematic step is needed so that the
the situation. Complementing with the vendor is expected research can be carried out properly and the planned
to meet the needs of the company, but in its implementation research objectives can be achieved. This research refers to
there is a similar problem that always arises for each the background and is oriented towards the interests of the
vendor working together, namely adjusting company data company and refers to the formulation of the problem.
with the data needed for consumption by the vendor,
hereinafter referred to as data transformation. Existing data Based on the type and design of the study, this study
in the company is in accordance with the pattern of uses a quantitative approach (quantitative research). This
consumption of internal needs so that when using an study describes a process / event, phenomenon or event and
certain analysis so that this research enters into a
descriptive analytical type of research where the research

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Volume 5, Issue 2, February – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
focuses on problems as they were when the research was Then rearranging the components in first step, to be an
conducted. This research studies certain aspects and objects appropriate order of dependency logic based on a literature
in detail (in the form of case studies) related to the problem study. After that, provide estimates of the timeframe for
to be studied and provides a solution that allows to solve each activity resulting from the calculation of worker
these problems, especially the problem of the effectiveness productivity.
of the projects schedule.
The last step is to find the Critical Path using CPM
In this study, first the researcher review and identify and using Fishbone to identify the root cause of the things
the scope of the project, describe, break down into activities that make the project delayed. Then finish it up with PDCA
or groups of activities that are components of the project. to ensure the improvement of the next project based on the
Secondary data in the form of project work data, the work result of Fishbone analysis.
2
process that will be identified and broken down into smaller
components (work breakingdown structure), to get higher
detail. The more detailed the activities, the more detailed
the relationships with other activities.

Fig 2:- CPM Method

Task Predecessor Duration (days)

A - 16
B - 2
C A 16
D - 2
E B, D 4
F E 4
G E 2
H C, F, G 4
I H 1
J I 16
K I, J 24
L K 1
Table 1:- Project Tasks

Figure 1 is made of table 1 to find the Critical path of the project. Where E (Earliest) and L

(Longest) tiime can be found then the critical path can be determined ie when the value of E = L or E - L = 0 (zero slack) for
each of the same activity.3

And the result of the CPM algorithm is show in figure 2 below

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Volume 5, Issue 2, February – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
III. RESULTS

The result of the CPM algorithm is shown in figure 2 below.

Fig 3:- Critical Path Result

The project activity pathway represented by the diagram are A, C, H, I, J, K, L whose completion time is 78 days. This
shows a very significant improvement compared to the normal running of this project (up to 92 days).

Besides, this significant increase in time can allow more optimal work on the project with the availability of spare time
remaining to cover the shortage of time if things happen that are unexpected. However, in reality it turned out that this project
took place beyond the initial 92 day schedule. For this reason, using a fishbone, a detailed search of the causes of this has been
carried out as described below:

Fig 4:- Fishbone Diagram

This figure shows that the factors are : the maintenance process is complete and as time goes
by more and more viruses and malware can threaten the
 Machine : Technological advances have pushed all IT security of company data, to prevent it, new regulations
divisions to use the latest technology as well, this has are being made which when the project is running
affected the disruption of ongoing projects, in this case access to folder sharing becomes complicated because it
access to data has been shut down due to adjustments to has to go through a server with upload and download
the new technology. The server system is also regularly processes which are much slower in its implementation
maintained to maintain its stability and performance. to ensure that the transferred data is safe from harm.
When this is done data access also cannot be done until

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Volume 5, Issue 2, February – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Material : In every new project the data sample  Do : Execute planning that has been more mature.
availability in development process is very minimal Based on the this case or the others.
because data is only made on a case-by-case basis, so
when making the project the variability of the data is  Check : Check every part of the project and recap the
very limited which results in the final testing process is problems that occur in the process. And also
not accurate enough given t he circumstances. Aside of maintaining its stability and progression.
it the number of outdated data in the middle of the
project already too much and invalid because the  Act : Conduct an analysis of the project or review from
system used for testing and development is the same as the beginning to the occurrence of existing and new
other projects both ongoing and long-finished one, so a problems and re-arrange steps to identify the causes so
lot of unused data enters and slows down the process. that the next process or project can run better and repeat
continuously (continual improvement)
 Method : Related to material, the minimal availability
of data does not allow for thorough testing so that the IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
project is only tested in a system flow, but not much for
data validity which will make the users check takes a  Conclusions
longer time. An then the workflow is not appropriate Looking at the results of the research, critical paths
and task mapping is incorrect obtained in the form of activities A, C, H, I, J, K, L. The
available schedule is 92 days, after calculating using CPM
The flow that is created feels inappropriate with the it is found that the critical path results shows this project is
working conditions, related to the task mapping which is likely to be accelerated up to 78 days. This shows a very
not appropriate because when scheduling is usually only significant lead time. So it is possible to be able to cope if
seen from the availability of the developer that is available there are events that occur that are beyond expectations
even though the selected pic is not necessarily qualified. without the need for schedule extensions or overtime.

 Man : Actually, from several points of human factors After further review using a fishbone diagram, the
beyond natural disasters, illness or other urgent factors that cause delays in this project are machine,
conditions the core cause is the turnover rate in the IT material, method, human, measurement and environment
field is indeed very high, this causes problems factors. Where the main cause lies in the human factor on
propagating both in the shortage of qualified workers, the problem of high turnover that raises the problem on
the number of replacement person in charge that is other factors. Which in this study the researchers tried to
sometimes lacking the analysis capability compared to apply PDCA especially in the Planning section to maintain
the previous pic. the schedule and monitor the available manpower so that it
can be improved on subsequent projects.
 Measurements : The Timeline determination is
incorrect. This is common because there is no  Recommendations
calculation done when closing monthly or there is In determining the project schedule it is better to know
maintenance with an existing system where in fact this in advance how the process is in it so that when
point is also closely related to the man power factor. determining the schedule, it is set effectively, which in this
case using CPM. For further research to conduct research
 Environment : When there is an earthquake, flood and that examines the high turnover in the IT field as discussed.
riot the office is closed for a special day so that the
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