Aspectos do pensamento computacional na construção de fractais com o software GeoGebra
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Data
2019-01-11
Autores
Barbosa, Lara Martins [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta dissertação apresenta uma pesquisa que teve o objetivo de investigar aspectos do Pensamento Computacional (PC) emergentes em um grupo de estudantes de graduação em Matemática ao explorarem a Geometria Fractal com o software GeoGebra. Especificamente, buscou-se analisar como tais aspectos se manifestaram nesse grupo ao construírem alguns fractais no software citado. Esta pesquisa seguiu uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa. Foram realizados experimentos de ensino com três duplas de estudantes de graduação em Matemática da Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Campus Rio Claro. Tais experimentos de ensino se constituíram de quatro sessões de ensino com cada dupla, que compuseram o cenário de pesquisa do trabalho. Os procedimentos metodológicos de registro utilizados foram: filmagens de todas as sessões de ensino; captação da tela do computador; roteiro impresso das atividades; entrevistas após cada sessão; e escrita de diários de campo. Assim, os dados desta pesquisa se constituíram de: vídeo gravações do ambiente; vídeo gravações da tela do computador; respostas das atividades; e observações dos diários de campo. Os resultados apontam que as diferentes estratégias adotadas para a construção dos fractais no software GeoGebra, possibilitaram a manifestação de diversas habilidades presentes no PC, que convergiram em cinco categorias nesse estudo: pensamento algorítmico; decomposição e generalização; padrões e abstração; representação e automação; e avaliação. Em particular, identificou-se indícios de que as habilidades completam uma a outra e que tais aspectos podem se manifestar em conjunto.
This dissertation presents a research that aims to investigate emerging aspects of Computational Thinking (PC) in a group of undergraduate students in Mathematics when exploring Fractal Geometry with GeoGebra software. Specifically, we sought to analyze how these aspects manifested themselves in this group by constructing some fractals in the cited software. This research followed a qualitative methodological approach. Teaching experiments were carried out with three pairs of undergraduate students in Mathematics from the São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rio Claro Campus. These teaching experiments consisted of four teaching sessions with each pair, which made up the research scenario of the work. The methodological procedures for registration used were: filming of all teaching sessions; computer screen capture; printed schedule of activities; interviews after each session; and writing of field diaries. Thus, the data of this research consisted of: video recordings of the environment; video recordings of computer screen; activity responses; and field diary observations. The results point out that the different strategies adopted for the construction of the fractals in the GeoGebra software, allowed the manifestation of several affordances present in the PC, that converged in five categories in this study: algorithmic thinking; decomposition and generalization; patterns and abstraction; representation and automation; and evaluation. In particular, evidence has been identified that one affordances complements the other, and that such aspects can manifest themselves together.
This dissertation presents a research that aims to investigate emerging aspects of Computational Thinking (PC) in a group of undergraduate students in Mathematics when exploring Fractal Geometry with GeoGebra software. Specifically, we sought to analyze how these aspects manifested themselves in this group by constructing some fractals in the cited software. This research followed a qualitative methodological approach. Teaching experiments were carried out with three pairs of undergraduate students in Mathematics from the São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rio Claro Campus. These teaching experiments consisted of four teaching sessions with each pair, which made up the research scenario of the work. The methodological procedures for registration used were: filming of all teaching sessions; computer screen capture; printed schedule of activities; interviews after each session; and writing of field diaries. Thus, the data of this research consisted of: video recordings of the environment; video recordings of computer screen; activity responses; and field diary observations. The results point out that the different strategies adopted for the construction of the fractals in the GeoGebra software, allowed the manifestation of several affordances present in the PC, that converged in five categories in this study: algorithmic thinking; decomposition and generalization; patterns and abstraction; representation and automation; and evaluation. In particular, evidence has been identified that one affordances complements the other, and that such aspects can manifest themselves together.
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Palavras-chave
Graduação em Matemática, Ensino de Matemática, Experimento de ensino, Educação Matemática, Graduation in Mathematics, Mathematics teaching, Teaching experiment, Mathematical education