Volume 4, Issue 5, May– 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Analysis of the Determination of Irrigation System

Maintenance Activities at Subantoro, Mojokerto
Arwendra Ananta Praya, Nadjadji Anwar and Theresia Sri Sidharti
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental, and Geo Science
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Kampus ITS Keputih - Sukolilo Surabaya 60111, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Abstract:- Subantoro irrigation area which located at There are degradation in function and performance of
the province of Jawa Timur expands as much as 515 Ha. irrigation system along time which cause the water to be
That large area is divided into two sections in which insufficiently supplied. The breakdown that occurred in the
located in Kabupaten Mojokerto and Kota Mojokerto by channel system and diversion structure was strongly
416 Ha and 99 Ha of area respectively. The water is suspected to be the cause of severe headloss thus affect the
supplied from Kintelan River through Subantoro dam. supply in downstream during dry season. According to
There are 3 secondary channel with 9.298 metres of total irrigation engineering standard (KP-3), the current average
length consisting of Subantoro, Kedung Pring, and efficiency for Subantoro was 71.88%, which less than the
Ngrayung. Currently, There are lots of damage in the ideal number of 90% for both primary and secondary system
channel system and other diversion structure hence quite and 80% for the tertiary.
amount of water losses occurred. Budget limitation was
suspected to be the cause of incomplete maintenance. Budget limitation in maintenance makes maintenance
for all infrastructures not feasible. Referring to the problem,
This study was conducted to recalculate analysis on maintenance framework is required to get the
maintenance costs of irrigation system so that optimal optimum results despite being restricted in budget. The
function can be achieved. Mixed integer program was optimum results mentioned are including minimum loss of
utilized to maximize water saving and to optimize water thus planting intensity on agriculture industry follows.
maintenance costs.
II. STUDY OF LITERATURE
The results indicate as much as 222.28 L/Sec of
water loss was caused by unmaintained infrastructure. A. Assets Management
Maintenance costs of Rp.100,000,000 was projected to be Assets management is a process of preserving and
able to save 106.90 L/Sec of water. The largest savings making use of public investation in order to promote an
were estimated in Kedung Pring Channel KP5 – KP6 effective and efficient government by maintaining its
and diversion structure BSB 1 by 36.07 L/Sec and 18.98 properties (Muchtar Hidayat, 2012).
L/Sec respectively. It was recommended to prioritize the
maintenance on channel and diversion structure which B. Maintenance of Irrigation System
loss the most amount of water. According to Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan
Perumahan Rakyat No. 12 tahun 2015 on utilization and
Keywords:- Maintenance, Water Loss, Mixed Integer preservation of irrigation system, it was stated that the
Program preservation of irrigation system was being implemented to
keep its optimal function and sustainability. Inventory result
I. INTRODUCTION indicates problem identification survey, participative
preservation, and well-structured action plan were required.
Irrigation is one of many important factors in Essentially, delayed maintenance of irrigation system will
agriculture industry and its development hence reliable likely be the cause of severe degradation which lead to
infrastructure is required to keep the water be sufficiently costly rehabilitation in the end.
supplied. As the demand for water increase and the
supporting facilities were restricted in number, the irrigation C. Water Losses
system has to be more effective and efficient. According to Kartasapoetra and Sutedjo (1994) the
occurrence of leakage on irrigation systems are commonly
Subantoro irrigation area which located at the province found where there is no shield or layer that protects the
of Jawa Timur expands as much as 515 Ha. That large area channel. The efficiency and loss of water were being
is divided into two sections in which located in Kabupaten analyzed on each sector in certain length (Wilhelmus, 2013).
Mojokerto and Kota Mojokerto by 416 Ha and 99 Ha of area
respectively. The water is supplied from Kintelan River The best method to discover the amount of water
through Subantoro dam. leakage is to calculate the difference between inflow and
outflow, that way the interference on lengthy channel
system can be eliminated (Sumandiyono, 2012).

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Volume 4, Issue 5, May– 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
D. Mixed Integer Program were including decision, objectives, and constraint. The
Integer Programming is a variation of linier equation is as follows :
programming where one or few completion vectors were
having integer value. Integer programming that partially  Objectives :
limits decision variables are known as Mixed Integer The objective of this study is to maximize the
Programming (Susi, Astuti H. 1999). efficiency of maintenance hence more saving can be
achieved.
According to Smith (2007), the creation of Mixed
Integer Program can be done in three stages as follows: Z= C1X1 + C2X2 + C3X3 + C4X4 + C5X5 +
C6X6 + C7X7 + C8X8 + C9X9 + C10X10 + C11X11 +
 To define variables C12X12 + C13X13 + C14X14 + C15X15 + C16X16 +
 To define the Constraint C17X17 + C18X18 (1)
 To set the objectives
Z : Maximize Water Saving (Lt/dt)
The mathematical model of Mixed Integer X1-X14 : Damage channel Length (m)
Programming: X14-X18 : Damage diversion structure Volume
(unit)
 Objective Function C1-C14 : Water Loss from damage channel System
Zmax = C1X1 + C2X2 + C3X3 + ……..+ CnXn ((Lt/dt)/m)
C15-C18 : Water Loss from damaged diversion
Constraint structure (Lt/dt)
a11X1 + a12X2 + a13X3 +…………+ a1nXn > b1
a21X1 + a22X2 + a23X3 +…………+ a2nXn > b2  Constraint :
am1X1 + am2X2 + am3X3 +…………+ amnXn > bm
 Maintenance Costs
 Explanation: Maintenance costs are including channel system and
diversion structure maintenance cost which calculated based
 Objectives : C1X1 + C2X2 + C3X3 + …….. + CnXn on the length and units that are being maintenance for both
 There are two types of constraints; respectively. Total allocation for maintenance work is as
 Functional Constraint much as one hundred million rupiah.
ai1X1+ ai2X2 +ai3X3 + …………+ ainXn
 Non-Negatif-Constraint which stated as (X1, X2, ..., Xm B1X1 + B2X2 + B3X3 + B4X4 + B5X5 + B6X6 +
≥ 0 and integer, X6, X7, .... Xn = 0 or 1) B7X7 + B8X8 + B9X9 + B10X10 + B11X11 + B12X12 +
B13X13 + B14X14 + B15X15 + B16X16 + B17X17 +
 Decision Variable or Xj Variables. B18X18 ≤ A (2)
 Constant Input or Model Parameter (aij, bi, dan cj).
 Decision : X1 - X14 ≤ Damage channel Length (m)
III. DATA AND METHODOLOGY X15 – X18 ≤ Damage diversion structure Volume (unit)

A. Data Collection  Non Negativity : X1, X2, ..., X14 ≥ 0; X15, X16, ....
There are two types of data in which divided into X18 = 0/1
primary data and secondary data. Primary data were
obtained by measuring both inflow and outflow to check the X1-X14 : Damage channel Length (m)
amount of water loss. The data which categorized as X14-X18 : Damage diversion structure Volume (unit)
primary were water losses in channel system and water B1-B14 : Cost/1 metre (Rp).
losses in diversion structure, both measured in Litre/Second B15-B18 : Cost/unit (Rp).
(L/Sec). Secondary data were obtained from Dinas PU A : Maintenance Costs (Rp).
Sumber Daya Air Jawa Timur, UPT PSDA Surabaya, Dinas
PU Kabupaten Mojokerto, and other related institution. IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Total irrigation area, irrigation topography, irrigation
network chart, inventory of damaged facilities, and Subantoro irrigation area consisting of 3 secondary
maintenance cost of channel system were secondary data channel including Subantoro, Kedung Pring, and Ngrayung.
that were required. There are lots of damage on the channel system and
diversion structure which cause quite amount of water loss.
B. Testing Methodology According to the observation, total damage approximately
Mixed integer programming used in this study consists as long as 3,171 metre of channel system and 4 units of
of specific component and characteristic. The volume and diversion structure with Rp.3,522,488,713 of total cost of
part of the system to be fixed as well as how much saving maintenance. The damage cause 222.28 L/sec of water loss
can be achieved can be discovered by the model of mixed with 198.86 L/sec and 23.42 L/sec from channel system and
integer programming (Sitorus, 2012). Model component diversion structure respectively. Detailed calculations
displayed on Table 1 and Table 2 below:

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Volume 4, Issue 5, May– 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Decision Water Loss (∆ Q) Damage ∆ Q/L Cost / m' Maintenance Cost
No Section
Variable (Lt/dt) Length (m') (Lt/dt) / m (Rp) (Rp)
Kedung Pring
1 KP0 - KP1 X1 14.65 80.00 0.183 907,972 72,637,770
2 KP1 - KP2 X2 9.00 20.00 0.450 907,972 18,159,443
3 KP2 - KP3 X3 0.06 4.00 0.015 1,124,146 4,496,585
4 KP3 - KP4 X4 26.52 30.00 0.884 691,798 20,753,943
5 KP5 - KP6 X5 36.07 55.00 0.656 907,972 49,938,467
Ngrayung
Decision Water Loss (∆ Q) Damage ∆ Q/L Cost / m' Maintenance Cost
No Section
Variable (Lt/dt) Length (m') (Lt/dt) / m (Rp) (Rp)
6 NY0 - NY1 X6 9.22 20.00 0.461 691,798 13,835,962
7 NY1 - NY2 X7 5.91 10.00 0.591 907,972 9,079,721
8 NY2 - NY3 X8 7.15 10.00 0.715 691,798 6,917,981
9 NY3 - NY4 X9 23.20 1562.00 0.015 1,124,146 1,755,916,318
10 NY4 - NY5 X10 7.66 10.00 0.766 1,124,146 11,241,462
11 NY6 - NY7 X11 11.02 416.00 0.026 1,124,146 467,644,807
12 NY7 - NY8 X12 9.51 50.00 0.190 1,124,146 56,207,309
13 NY8 - NY9 X13 28.43 893.00 0.032 1,124,146 1,003,862,530
Subantoro
Decision Water Loss (∆ Q) Damage ∆ Q/L Cost / m' Maintenance Cost
No Section
Variable (Lt/dt) Length (m') (Lt/dt) / m (Rp) (Rp)
14 SB0 - SB1 X14 10.45 11.00 0.950 691,798 7,609,779
Total 198.86 3171.00 3,498,302,074
Table 1:- Water Loss in Channel System

Diversion Decision Water Loss Damage Cost / m3 Maintenance Cost

No
Structure Variable (Lt/dt) Volume (m3) (Rp) (Rp)

1 BSB 1 X15 18.98 3.4 1,010,298 3,435,013

2 BKP 1 X16 0.91 11.5 1,010,298 11,618,428
3 BNY 1 X17 2.67 7.15 1,010,298 7,223,631
4 BNY 2 X18 0.86 1.9 1,010,298 1,919,566
Total 23.42 24,196,639
Table 2:- Water Loss in Diversion Structure

The length of channel system and units of diversion  Decision :

structure need to be maintenanced were calculated by Mixed X1 ≤ 80, X2 ≤ 20, X3 ≤ 4, X4 ≤ 30, X5 ≤ 55, X6 ≤ 20,
Integer Program. X7 ≤ 10, X8 ≤ 10, X9 ≤ 1562, X10 ≤ 10, X11 ≤ 416, X12 ≤
50, X13 ≤ 893, X14 ≤ 11, X15 ≤ 1, X16 ≤ 1, X17 ≤ 1, X18
Mathematical Model of Mixed Integer Program : ≤1

 Objectives :  Non Negativity : X1, X2, ..., X14 ≥ 0 and integer, X15,
Z = 0.183X1 + 0.450X2 + 0.015X3 + 0.884X4 + X16, .... X18 = 0 or 1
0.656X5 + 0.461X6 + 0.591X7 + 0.715X8 + 0.015X9 +
0.766X10 + 0.026X11 + 0.190X12 + 0.032X13 + 0.950X14 With total maintenance budget allocated Rp.
+ 18.98X15 + 0.91X16 + 2.67X17 + 0.86X18 100.000.000 which calculated by a mixed integer program, 6
sections including KP3-KP4; KP5-KP6; NY0-NY1; NY2-
 Constraint Function: NY3; NY4-NY5 and SB0-SB1 with the length of 30 m; 55
m; 0.15 m; 10 m; 10 m; and 11 m respectively. As for
 Cost Limitation diversion structure, BSB 1 was prioritized.
907,972 X1 + 907,972 X2 + 1,124,146 X3 + 691,798
X4 + 907,972 X5 + 691,798 X6 + 907,972 X7 + 691,798
X8 + 1,124,146 X9 + 1,124,146 X10 + 1,124,146 X11 +
1,124,146 X12 + 1,124,146 X13 + 691,798 X14 + 3,435,013
X15 + 11,618,428 X16 + 7,223,631 X17 + 1,919,566 X18
≤ Rp 100,000,000

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Volume 4, Issue 5, May– 2019 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
V. CONCLUSION

It is recommended to prioritize the maintenance on

channel system and diversion structure which loss the most
amount of water. Allocated budget which calculated by
mixed integer program is as much as Rp.100,000,000 and
projected to be used for maintenance on channel and
diversion structure. The project including maintenance of
116.15 m length of channel and 1 diversion structure that
help saving 106.90 L/Sec of water.

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