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The Legacy Art Gallery and Cafe Presents: A Walk Through the City Green: Experiencing Victoria as an Eco-flâneur Featuring a selection of works from the Michael C. Williams Legacy Collection Curated by: Susan Hawkins April 2009 1 THE EXHIBITION introduced in this catalogue aims to explore and develop the concept of the contemporary urban flâneur. The mandate is to contemplate the interaction between the individual and city space.1 Although the idea of the flâneur is based in nineteenth century Paris, the modern day flâneur has walked out of the pages of history and entered the contemporary urban space. This exhibition aims to explore the landscape poetics of the urban eco-flâneur. The concept for an art exhibition based on the idea of the urban eco-flâneur stems from my own personal experience within the community in which I live, work, garden, and walk. This was further inspired by the number and variety of artistic pieces held within the Williams collection that feature images of the urban and regional landscape. Henry David Thoreau, who is considered to be one of the stalwarts of the environmental movement, wrote in his journal in August 1856: that “it is in vain to dream of a wilderness distant from ourselves…there is no greater wilderness than that found in our local recesses.”2 Businessman, developer and heritage conservator Michael Williams is an excellent example of an eco-flâneur: someone who enjoyed experiencing the natural beauty of the city in which he lived. Williams placed much emphasis on the importance of the aesthetic preservation and the enhancement of the environment in Victoria’s urban centre. A passion that is on display each spring and summer at Williams’ Swans Hotel where the entire building facade appears to be draped in a cascade floral splendor. This 1 Magdalyn Asimakis, A Walk Through the City, 2009, p. 1. Henry David Thoreau, “Journal”, August 30, 1856, Quoted in, Landscape and Memory, Simon Schama, p. viii. 2 2 exhibit draws inspiration from Williams’ art collection and the selection of images seeks to reflect his interest not only in art, but also in his vision for walking through Victoria. The city of Victoria is a city for walkers. These images have been chosen to inspire the urban walker to be aware of, and explore the natural as well as the constructed environments they inhabit and traverse. The display of the art works is designed to inspire new interpretations and ways of seeing. One of the most pressing issues of contemporary society is that of the ailing and damaged environment. Everyday we hear news of how the last of the old growth forests are being clear-cut, of new oil exploration being pursed in the few remaining unspoiled wilderness areas, of species being threatened or facing extinction. Sociologist Ulrich Beck argues that “only if nature is brought into people’s everyday images, into the stories they tell, can its beauty and its suffering be seen and focused on.”3 The success of all environmentalist efforts, Ulrich states, finally hinges not on some highly developed technology, or some new science, but on a state of mind, on attitudes, feelings, images, and narratives.4 There are many people who consider that a reorientation of human attention and values according to a stronger ethic of care for the nonhuman environment would make the world a better place, for humans as well as for nonhumans. Like many environmentally concerned people, I believe that the environmental crisis threatens all landscapes – wild, rural, suburban, and urban. In his work, Writing for an Endangered World, Lawrence Buell examines the modern movement towards reinhabiting the city. Reinhabiting is a term that has been used since the 1970s by examiners of urbanism and bioregionalists, to express the goal of 3 4 Ulrich Beck. Quoted in, Lawrence Buell, Writing for an Endangered World, 2001, p. 1. Ibid. 3 mutual renewal implicit in a dedication to ecocultural understanding and restoration,5 something understood and promoted by Michael Williams. Advocates and practitioners of reinhabitation, start from the premise that not only has the environment been abused, but urban residents and reinhabators have themselves been wounded by displacement and ecological illiteracy so that they must re-learn what it means to be ‘native’ to a place. The city of Victoria attracts visitors from all over the world. Many are attracted to the local, natural beauty and pursue the experience of it through a variety of eco-tourist activities. The urban eco-flâneur, on the other hand, shuns the tourist destinations (at least during the busy tourist season) and seeks out the nature of her/his local environment, developing their awareness to the nuances and subtleties of growth and change. The flâneur of Baudelaire who aimlessly wandered the streets of Paris enjoying the bombardments of the visual impressions he encountered in the streets of the modern city has emerged as an eco-flâneur navigating the green labyrinths of the contemporary urban environment. Some characteristics of being an eco-flâneur are: Site specificity…being aware of where you are and what is happening around you. Being a tune to the place, engaging with a place’s human and nonhuman environment and welcoming the prospect of being influenced by this encounter. Considering the notion that we are not separate from nature…we are it and of it. 5 Lawrence Buell, Writing for an Endangered World, 2001, p. 8. 4 Emphasizes a reverie and thoughtfulness with our environment, an engagement with nature…the smells, sounds, paying attention to the details…to the ephemeral nature of the moment…the engagement becomes personal and present. The art of being an eco-flâneur is the ‘art of being here’. Exploring the idea of what is possible…finding a way of interrelating with the environment. The eco-flâneur is in invited to greet the rain as they would the ocean, the tree as the forest, the rock as the mountain, and the urban wilderness on the other side of the sidewalk in the same way they would the wilderness which is beyond the city parameters. In other words, the viewer is invited to experience the environment as the place they are in. As eco-flaneurs we are called upon to imagine ourselves holding citizenship in urban, rural, and wilderness areas as one great environmental web, embracing the concept that the physical environment is a shaping force in human art and experience. In a similar way to what Maxwell Bates described when discussing his art, he stated that: “design and colour are the techniques by which meaningful transpositions are made. Good painting must offer something meaningful to the spectator, but it may be enigmatic.”6 As eco-flâneurs I invite you to experience the many wonderful walks available in the city of Victoria…they all begin where you are. You are invited to take advantage of the maps and brochures available in the gallery to help inspire your walk. 6 The Williams Legacy: Contemporary Art of the Pacific Northwest, Exhibit Catalogue, University of Victoria, date unknown, p. 5. 5 A Selection of Four Images Appendix Figure # 1. Artist: George Tiessen Title: Landscape I Date: 1971 Geographical Origin: British Columbia Style/Period: Contemporary 1950 – Medium/Material: Ink Support/Technique: Paper Object Type: Serigraph Accession #: U00.13.1 Height (cm): 75.50 Width (cm): 55.00 Maltwood Bequest This print comprises of a series of large colour field shapes of solid colour contained within a clean-edged band of green. It has a simple colour palette that employs four different shades of green and two different shades of blue. The print is an abstract representation of a landscape featuring a grey-green foreground, an aqua blue midground and a hilly background against a blue sky. 7 A green impression of a tree in the lower left hand corner bridges the green frame and rectangular regularity. This image brokers two characteristics of landscape representation, abstract and representative, and emotes a coastal sensibility. 7 This description is supported by the Maltwood Gallery Collections information, web page – www.maltwood.uvic.ca 6 Appendix Figure # 2. Artist: Brad Pasutti Title: Untitled: Blue and Yellow Flowers in Garden Date: 1996 Geographical Origin: Victoria, BC Style/Period: Contemporary 1950 Medium/Material: Pastel Support/Technique: Paper Object Type: Pastel drawing Accession #: U001.11.458 Height (cm): 50 Width (cm): 75.50 Michael C. Williams Collection This pastel drawing is energetic and vibrant in colour and expression. The foreground is filled with yellow/orange daisy like coreopsis, flanked by pink and white flowers, with a stand of tall blue delphiniums behind. The mid-ground has a deep green grassy pathway that meanders through tall Douglas fir trees and opens to a body of blue water. The background is filled with distant trees set against a blue-white sky. The pastel strokes are direct and often abstract creating a sense of movement and dancing light. This image is very reflective of many areas that can be found in and around the city of Victoria. The cultivated and formal plant display in the foreground gives way to the less cultivated, essentially natural, background. 7 Appendix Figure # 3. Artist: Max Maynard Title: Untitled: Rural Road, Cowichan Date: 1935 Geographical Origin: Vancouver Island, BC Style/ Period: Western Modern, 1900 – 1950 Medium/Material: oil Support/Technique: canvas Object Type: oil painting Accession # U001.11.466 Height (cm): 70 Width (cm): 88.75 Michael C. Williams Collection This oil painting features a country road that curves through a rural setting. Green grassy mounds, grayish rocks and boulders, and the lower half of a telephone pole flank the road. In the mid-ground there are three tall, sparse trees that bend in the wind. Behind the trees is a horizon set with purple/grey mountains and a turbulent sky. To the left of road are two farmhouses and the cultivated fields. Max Maynard is known to have worked with noted Victoria painter, Emily Carr, and her influences are sensed in the robust brush strokes, the background trees, and a colour palette that includes greens and purple hues. Rural Road, Cowichan displays strong influences of the style of painting often associated with ‘expressionism’, an early twentieth century style that is characterized by spontaneous and emotive responses to the environment and the ephemeral moment. 8 Appendix Figure # 5 Artist: Asquin Title: Victoria Vignette Date: 1964 Geographical Origin: Victoria, BC Style/Period: Western Modern 1950 – Medium/ Material: Inks, coloured Support/Technique: paper Object Type: screen print Accession #: U964.1.1 Height (cm): 36 Weight (cm): 45.5 This silk-screen print depicts Victoria through a collage of well-known landmarks. The black, fine lined drawings depict; Christ Church Cathedral, the Camosun College clock tower, the Fairmont Empress Hotel, Totem poles from Thunderbird Park at the Royal British Columbia Museum, and a background vista of the Olympic mountains. The collection of prominent sites float among a patchwork of bright pastel blocks of colour that include green, purple, yellow, orange, brown, and pink. This colourful and vibrant print alludes to Victoria in the spring when it is alive with colour, sun and warmth. The block pastel coloured shapes and black lined drawing style of Victoria Vignette is characteristic of modernist painting styles that developed from the 1950s into the early 1960s, and was often associated with commercial advertising, album covers, and jazz music. 9 Installation This exhibition will be located in the small auxiliary gallery at the back of the Legacy Art Gallery and Café, located in downtown Victoria. The works selected for this exhibition come from Williams’ contemporary art collection and include many noted artists such as Toni Onley, Max Maynard, and Maxwell Bates, as well as featuring numerous “up and coming” artists such as James Gordaneer, Brad Pasutti, and Colin Graham, among others. The didactic panel will be situated on the wall outside the exhibit entrance. It will give a brief introduction to the historical meaning of the term flâneur, as well as its contemporary links to the urban environment of Victoria. As well, it will include an introduction to Michael Williams and the Legacy Gallery. The exhibit consists of eighteen paintings, fifteen of which have been selected from the Williams collection, and one sculptural piece that is situated on a plinth. Each work will have an identifying label attached to the wall on the lower right corner of the image and will contain the artist’s name, title, date, medium and material, size, as well as having a notation if it is part of the Williams collection. The exhibit is not divided into themes, instead, the entire display is meant to act as a ‘walk about’ where any type of topography, be it urban or rural, cityscape or seascape, can be experienced, at any time of year and in all kinds of weather. Catalogues and maps containing information about interesting walks in and around the Victoria area will be available in the gallery for viewing or purchase. 10 Didactic Panel A Walk Through the City Green: Experiencing Victoria as an Eco-flâneur The term flâneur was coined by Charles Baudelaire in nineteenth century Paris, a time of growth both economically and industrially. The word flâneur is derived from the French verb flaner, which means to stroll. The original definition, before developing into a more contemporary and inclusive version, was of an observer of Paris who lives immersed in the city while remaining a detached observer. Because of the developments in the city, flâneurs felt it necessary to properly experience these new visual stimuli. In doing so the flâneur assisted in ushering in the age of modernism. Contemporary urban society is on the verge of a new age of re-development, one that has the ‘environment’ as a primary focus, as such, today’s flâneur demands a new dynamic, that of being an eco-flâneur. Businessman, developer and heritage conservator Michael Williams is an excellent example of an eco-flâneur: someone who enjoyed experiencing the beauty of the city in which he lived. Williams placed much emphasis on the importance of the aesthetic preservation and the enhancement of environment in Victoria’s urban centre. This exhibit uses Williams’ art collection to reflect his interest not only in art, but also his visions for walking through the urban environment of the city of Victoria. The city of Victoria is a city for walkers. The images in this exhibition have been chosen to inspire the urban walker to be aware of, and explore the natural as well as the constructed environments they inhabit and traverse. 11 Label Example Artist: Max Maynard Title: Untitled; Rural Road Cowichan Date: 1935 Medium: oil on canvas 70 cm x 88.75 cm Michael C. Williams Collection Font: New Times Roman Size: 14 12 Bibliography Asimakis, Magdalyn, A Walk Through the City, 2009. Buell, Lawrence, Writing for an Endangered World: Literature, Culture, and Environment in the U.S. and Beyond, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2001. Schama, Simon, Landscape and Memory, New York, NY: Vantage Books, 1996. The Williams Legacy: Contemporary Art of the Pacific Northwest, Exhibit Catalogue, University of Victoria, date unknown. Web Cite Maltwood Art Gallery email: www.maltwood.uvic.ca 13 Selection of Images for Eco-flâneur Outside Wall Figure 1. Artist: George Tiessen, 1971 Title: Landscape 1 Date: 1971 Medium/Material: Ink on paper Acc. #: U000.13.1 75.50 cm x 55.00 cm = 1.28” x .89” Figure 2. Artist: Brad Pasutti Title: Untitled; Blue and Yellow Flowers in Garden Date: 1996 Medium/Material: Pastel on paper Acc. #: U001.11.458 50 cm x 75.50 cm = .86” x 1.26” Michael C. Williams Collection 14 Right Inside Wall Figure 3. Artist: Max Maynard Title: Untitled; Rural Road, Cowichan Date: 1935 Medium/Material: oil on canvas Acc. #: U001.11.466 70.00cm x 88.75cm = 1.18” x 1.5” Michael C. Williams Collection Figure 4. Artist: Toni Onley, (1928-2004) Title: Olympic Mountains From The Point Date: 1981 Medium/Material: Watercolour on paper Acc. #: U001.11.10 27 cm x 36.70 cm = .44” x .57” Michael C. Williams Collection 15 Figure 5. Artist: Asquin Title: Victoria Vignette Date: 1964 Medium/Material: Inks on Paper / Screen print Acc. #: U964.1.1 36.00 cm x 45.5 = .63” x .9” Figure 6. Artist: James Lindsay Title: Industrial Landscape Date: 1978 Medium/Material: oil on canvas Acc. #: U001.11.873 30.50 cm x 35.20 cm = .58” x .68” Michael C. Williams Collection Figure 7. Artist: Toni Onley Title: Looking From Queens Street Bridge Date: 1949 Medium/Material: oil on board Acc. #: U001.11.769 29.00 cm x 39.50 cm = .56” x .75” Michael C. Williams Collection 16 Figure 8. Artist: Colin D. Graham Title: Saanich Hills Date: 1984 Medium – oil on canvas Accession #: U001.11.678 59.50 cm x 74.50 cm = 1.03” x 1.28” Michael C. Williams Collection Plinth Sculpture Figure 9. Artist: Neil Dalrymple Title: Untitled, Tree Date: 1976 Medium/Material: Ceramic Acc. #: U001.11.109 27.00 cm x 22.00 cm = .53” x .46” Michael C. Williams Collection 17 Back Green Wall Figure 10. Artist: Brad Pasutti Title: Tom’s Beach: Lac La Hache Date: 1989 Medium/Material: Pastel on paper Acc. #: U001.11.460 56.88cm x 71.25 cm = .97” x 1.24” Michael C. Williams Collection Figure 12. Artist: Brad, Pasutti Title: Scarlet Runners Date: 1993 Medium/Material: pastel on paper Acc.# U001.11.593 74.50 cm x 55.00 cm = 1.29” x .94” Michael C. Williams Collection 18 Figure 13. Artist: Herbert Siebner Title: Balcony Date: 1955 Material/Medium: Ink wash on paper Acc. #: U996.25.87 80.50 cm x 65.00 cm = 1.31” x .96” Figure 14. Artist: Brad Pasutti Title: Untitled; Garden Scene Date: 1991 Medium/Material: oil pastels on paper Acc. #: U001.11.679 56.00 cm x 76.50 cm = .93” x 1.26” Michael C. Williams Collection 19 Left Wall Figure 15. Artist: Glenn E. Howarth Title: Untitled, Ferry Departing Date: Unknown Medium: acrylic & oil on canvas Acc. #: U001.11.921 109.00 cm x 165.00 = 1.07” x 1.57” Michael C. Williams Collection Figure 16. Artist: Maxwell Bates, Title: Sunset in Victoria Date: 1976 Medium/Material: oil on canvas Acc. #: U001.11.945 39.00 cm x 49.00 = .63”x .82” Michael C. Williams Collection 20 Figure 17. Artist: Toni Onley Title: Low Tide Date: 1971 Medium/Material: oil on board Acc. #: U001.11.718 50.50 cm x 65.40 cm = .88” x 1.13” Michael C. Williams Collection Figure 18. Artist: James Gordaneer Title: # 6 Clover Point Date: 1988 Medium: oil on board Acc#: U001.11692 76.00 cm x 76.00 cm = 1.24” x 1.19” Michael C. Williams Collection 21 Inside Front Wall Figure 19. Artist: Brad Pasutti Title: Untitled, Courtyard Scene Date: 1990 Medium/Material: Oil on Masonite Acc.#: U001.11.459 71.88cm x 83.75 cm = 1.04” x 1.24” Michael C. Williams Collection Figure 20. Artist: Glenn E. Howarth Title: Powerlines: Malahat, BC Date: 1985 Medium/Material: acrylic on wood 59.50 cm x 59.50 cm = .97” x .97” Acc. #: U001.11.428 Michael C. Williams Collection 22 23