Influence of salinity on germination and seeds viability of two primary colonizers of Mediterranean salt pans

doi:10.1006/jare.2002.1042

Journal of Arid Environments

Volume 53, Issue 2, February 2003, Pages 145-154

https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2002.1042 Get rights and content

Abstract

We studied germination of two halophytic species at different salinity concentrations and their recovery of germination in great salinities. Salicornia showed high germination rates at low salinity in front ofArthrocnemum . For both species, germination was delayed with increase of salinity until 3%. Recovery experiments and tetrazolium test show that exposure to high salinity does not harm seeds and that exposure to high salinity stimulates germination of the seeds of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. Our results about viability and seed bank suggest a different behaviour because of ecological connotations. These connotations are highly influenced by the life cycle of each species.

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Cited by (98)

Study on germination and seedling growth of various ecotypes of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under salinity stress
2023, Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Salinity is one of the most brutal environmental factors limiting the productivity of crops and cultivation of salt-tolerant plants has been suggested as one of the strategies for reducing the effects of salinity and utilizing saline soil and water resources. This experiment was conducted in two separate experiments, one in the laboratory to study germination and the other in the greenhouse to study seedling characteristics of various fennel ecotypes (Foeniculum vulgare) in 2020. Laboratory experiment was performed in factorial base on completely randomized design with three replications and two factors. Factors included four salinity concentrations (0, 4, 8, and 12 dSm⁻¹) and 19 fennel ecotypes (Lorestan, Kermanshah, Kashan, Damavand-Tehran, Khoramabad, Arak, Ardabil-Kalibar, Bandarabas, Ardabil, Zanjan, Tehran-Karaj, Tehran, Rodan-Hormozgan, Yazd, Shiraz, Qazvin, Khash-Sistan, Hamadan, and Isfahan). From laboratory experiment, three salt-sensitive ecotypes (Yazd, Kermanshah, and Bandarabas) and three salt-tolerant ecotypes (Isfahan, Khash-Sistan, and Rodan-Hormozgan) were identified. Greenhouse experiment was performed in factorial base on completely randomized design with three replications and two factors. Factors included four salinity concentrations (0, 4, 8, and 12 dSm⁻¹) and six fennel ecotypes (Isfahan, Khash-Sistan, Rodan-Hormozgan, Yazd, Kermanshah, and Bandarabas). At both experiments, sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) were used in two-to-one ratios to apply salinity stress treatments. The results showed that salinity decreased the mean daily germination, germination percentage, and germination rate compared with control conditions and the lowest amounts of these traits were observed at the salinity of 12 dSm⁻¹. Salinity reduced the fresh and dry weights of roots, shoots, and total, root volume, root and shoot lengths, leaf area, relative water content, and chlorophyll content. Whereas, the amount of proline, and the ratio of sodium to potassium content of roots and shoots increased. The Khash-Sistan ecotype had the highest root fresh and dry weights, root volume, root length, and leaf area and the Bandarabbas ecotype had the lowest root fresh and dry weights, root volume, and leaf area. Also, salinity had less negative effect on traits such as relative water content and chlorophyll a, b, and a+b in the Khash-Sistan ecotype, and more negative effects on relative water content in the Bandarabas ecotype. Therefore, the Khash-Sistan ecotype was identified as a salt-tolerant ecotype and the Bandarabas ecotype was identified as a salt-sensitive ecotype.
Germination syndrome divergence among pairs of sympatric sister species along an estuarine salinity gradient
2021, Environmental and Experimental Botany
Closely-related species co-occur within heterogeneous habitats by occupying separate ecological niches as the result of divergent selection that maintains adaptive differentiation. Soil salinity is one of the most important factors influencing vegetation distribution in salt marshes, where germination is a critical stage in the life cycle of many halophytes. We characterized phenotypic divergence among two pairs of sympatric sister species of sea lavenders (Plumbaginaceae), by evaluating their germination traits and distribution patterns across a wide salinity range in both controlled experimental conditions, and in salt marsh study sites. The four species segregate into two germination syndromes, each with a polyploid Limonium species and diploid Myriolimon species pair. L. narbonense and M. ferulaceum have broad geographical distributions and their abundance within salt marshes was independent of soil salinity levels. Their germination syndrome was characterized by high germination percentages (c. 95 %) in freshwater, constant and high germination speed independent of salinity concentration, and reduced total germination (lower than control) after high salinity exposure. In contrast, the syndrome of L. algarvense and M. diffusum, two regionally endemic species, features moderate germination percentages (c. 30–80 %) over a wide salinity range (0−200 mM) with a reduction of germination speed at higher salinities. Furthermore, their capacity for recovery germination after high salinity exposure supports their abundance in salt marshes. These results suggest intertidal salinity influences on variation in germination traits among pairs of sympatric sea lavenders underlies their abundance, niche segregation, and phenotypic divergence in salt marshes.
Accumulation of Polyphenolic Compounds and Osmolytes under Dehydration Stress and Their Implication in Redox Regulation in Four Indigenous Aromatic Rice Cultivars
2020, Rice Science
Present work was undertaken to screen some drought tolerant indigenous aromatic rice cultivars (IARCs), commonly cultivated in West Bengal, India, based on their capacity to produce osmolytes, redox-sensitive phenolic acids and flavonoids, as contrivances for redox-regulation under drought stress. Polyethylene glycol induced post imbibitional dehydration stress mediated changes in redox regulatory properties of the germinating seeds of the four IARCs (Jamainadu, Tulaipanji, Sitabhog, Badshabhog), which were assessed in terms of changes in prooxidant accumulation (in-situ localization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by confocal microscopy, DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) oxidation, O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ accumulation), cumulative antioxidative defense (radical scavenging property and total thiol content), ROS scavenging phenolic acids (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, para-hydroxy benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, salicylic acid, sinapic acid and p-coumaric acid) and flavonoids (catechin, naringin, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin and apigenin). The capability of germinating seeds to accumulate osmolytes (like glycinebetaine, proline, soluble carbohydrates and K⁺ ion) and polyphenolic compounds was also correlated with their corresponding redox status and redox biomarkers (conjugated diene, hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and free carbonyl content) produced under the same conditions. The results in general showed that accumulation of osmolytes along with the redox-sensitive phenolics and flavonoids conferred the ability to maintain the redox homeostasis under drought stress for the tolerant IARCs (Badshabhog and Tulaipanji).
Plant growth promoting Streptomyces strains are selectively interacting with the wheat cultivars especially in saline conditions
2020, Heliyon
Citation Excerpt :
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a very important crops grown and whose yield potential is usually constrained by salt stress. Salinity affects plant physiology depending on its genotype (Gilles et al., 2001; Rubio-Casal et al., 2003). Plants growing in salinity experience osmotic stress leading to an ionic imbalance in tissues, inhibition of nutrient uptake and oxidative damages (Chatzigianni et al., 2019; Hasegawa et al., 2000).
Plant growth promoting (PGP) effect of Streptomyces on wheat growth in different conditions has been mostly reported although mechanisms which caused wheat cultivars differently response to a PGP Streptomyces has been less studied. In this study, the effect of two Streptomyces strains, previously reported as PGPR, on the growth of four salt-sensitive commercial wheat cultivars under normal and saline conditions was investigated. Strain C-2012 differently affected the growth of the cultivars in the normal and stress conditions. Cultivars Gonbad with the highest (63%) and Zarin without increased dry biomass upon C-2012 treatments were selected for further study. Salinity significantly decreased seedling fresh and dry weight, K⁺ and chlorophyll content and glutathione S-transferase activity. Moreover, the stress increased proline and Na⁺ content and peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in both cultivars. Strain C-2012, generally, ameliorated the negative effect of the stress with increased chlorophyll and carotenoid and reduced Na⁺ content and APX and SOD activity in both cultivars, however, its effect on biomass was different. Increase in SOD, APX and POX activities in bacterial inoculated-Zarin, but not Gonbad, under normal conditions suggested that this cultivar may recognize strain C-2012 as a gentle stressor and not as a PGPR. These results showed that the responses of the wheat cultivars to a defined PGPR is different in the physiological, phenotypic and molecular level. Based on the results, the evaluation of the effect of a bio-fertilizer on each wheat cultivar is necessary prior to use in a commercial field.
Data on genetic potentiality of folk rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes from Koraput, India in reference to drought tolerance traits
2019, Data in Brief
Citation Excerpt :
The seedling vigour characteristics of 15-days-old seedlings were measured by taking root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of five different plants in each replication under drought as well as at control conditions. For analysing early growth performances, relative germination performance (RGP), relative growth index (RGI), and seedling vigour index (SVI) were calculated according to Rubio-Casal et al. [3] and Bhattacharjee [4] as follows. RGI = (average dry mass of five treated seedling/average dry mass of five control seedlings) × 100.
Precise physiological and molecular marker-based assessment provides information about the extent of genetic diversity, which helps for effective breeding programmes. We have conducted detailed physiological and molecular marker-based assessment of selected eight indigenous rice landraces from Koraput, India along with tolerant (N22) and susceptible (IR64) check varieties under control and simulated drought stress using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. After exposure to different levels of drought stress, relative germination performance (RGP), seedling vigour index (SVI) and relative growth index (RGI) were significantly declined in all the rice landraces compared to the control plants and significant varietal differences were observed. Genetic relationship among the studied rice landraces was assessed with 24 previously reported drought tolerance linked Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 53 alleles were detected at the loci of the 24 markers across the 10 rice accessions. The Nei's gene diversity (He) and the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0 to 0.665 and 0 to 0.687, respectively. Six SSR loci, RM276, RM411, RM3, RM263, RM216 and RM28199, provided the highest PIC values and are potential for exploring the genetic diversity of studied rice lines for drought tolerance. Four rice genotypes (Butkichudi, Haldichudi, Machakanta and Kalajeera) showed the highest genetic distance with tolerant check variety (N22) and can be considered as valuable genetic resources for drought breeding program.
Germination and antioxidant responses to salt stress of Tunisian endemic Limonium species at early vegetative stage
2024, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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^*: Corresponding author. Fax: +34-954-615-780. E-mail: [email protected]

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Journal of Arid Environments

Abstract

References (23)

Germination and seedling survival of Argan (Argaria spinosa) under experimental saline conditions

Journal of Arid Environment

Seed bank in a Great Basin salt playa

Journal of Arid Environment

Characteristics of seeds germination in five non-halophytic Chinese desert shrub species

Journal of Arid Environment

Seed Dormancy and Germination

Salt Marshes and Salt Deserts of the World

Accelerated germination by osmotic seed treatment

Nature

Effects of water potential of germination of lettuce, sunflower, and citrus seeds

Canadian Journal of Botany

The effect of extended exposure to hypersaline conditions on the germination of five inland halophyte species

American Journal of Botany

The measurement of viability

Effect of salt, temperature and seed scarification on germination of two varietes of Artrhocnemum halocnemoides

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australian

Cited by (98)

Study on germination and seedling growth of various ecotypes of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under salinity stress

Germination syndrome divergence among pairs of sympatric sister species along an estuarine salinity gradient

Accumulation of Polyphenolic Compounds and Osmolytes under Dehydration Stress and Their Implication in Redox Regulation in Four Indigenous Aromatic Rice Cultivars

Plant growth promoting Streptomyces strains are selectively interacting with the wheat cultivars especially in saline conditions

Data on genetic potentiality of folk rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes from Koraput, India in reference to drought tolerance traits

Germination and antioxidant responses to salt stress of Tunisian endemic Limonium species at early vegetative stage

Regular ArticleInfluence of salinity on germination and seeds viability of two primary colonizers of Mediterranean salt pans

Abstract

Journal of Arid Environment

Journal of Arid Environment

Journal of Arid Environment

Seed Dormancy and Germination

Salt Marshes and Salt Deserts of the World

Accelerated germination by osmotic seed treatment

Nature

Effects of water potential of germination of lettuce, sunflower, and citrus seeds

Canadian Journal of Botany

The effect of extended exposure to hypersaline conditions on the germination of five inland halophyte species

American Journal of Botany

The measurement of viability

Effect of salt, temperature and seed scarification on germination of two varietes of Artrhocnemum halocnemoides

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australian

Regular Article
Influence of salinity on germination and seeds viability of two primary colonizers of Mediterranean salt pans