Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Integrated Kineto-Voltaic Foot Platforms through

Performance Evaluation and Feasibility of Voltage
Generation in Valenzuela City People’s Park
Alegre, Chrisneil C.*, Barberan, Mae L†, Dogma, Zebastian Troy G. ‡, Medrano, Hannah Gwyneth E.§, Teodoro, Adrian B.¶, and
Kishimoto, Ryuichi T.*
Department of Electrical Engineering, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela
Valenzuela, Philippines

Abstract:- The main focus of Electrical Engineering National Capital Region in the Philippines has its fair share of
endeavors all has to do with the ability of humanity and factories that contribute to the GHG emission each year with
industrial progress to advance energy generation and over fifteen (15) factories running solely on coal generated
storage. With the ecological problems being imminent and energy. In Valenzuela City, a city located in the National
inevitable, the use of innovative technologies with the goal Capital Region, Barangay Malinta holds one of its most popular
of harnessing electricity is becoming extensive. Piezoelectric leisure parks called the “Valenzuela City People’s Park”
Transducers are one of these extensive technologies that are (VCPP) that pushes clean-and-green advocacy with its nature-
still studied to become a progressive part of renewable esque design. These leisure parks accommodate heavy foot
energy generation. The system of providing these traffic due to the visitors present, according to the events
technologies to Green Parks such as that of the Valenzuela handler as of 2022 and the joint-cooperation of the Valenzuela
City People’s Park through an original and durable City Health Office, the average attendees of VCPP is
platform design makes it so that the aim of voltage approximately 1100 civilians, 40 Valenzuela City Vaccination
generation to be interactive and available can be attained (VC-Vax) Administrators, and 40 VCPP employees including
even with newer technological applications like that of the office clerks, park rangers, and sanitary workers.
Piezoelectric Transducers connected in meticulous Considering the vicinity being in the middle of streets and
electrical networks that enables high generation with high avenues, thus theoretically implying an applicable measure to
efficiency of production to be possible and assess its implement a working build of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
capability that can challenge current technology as (PEH) platforms that generates electricity becoming the future
progressive renewable energy. of energy generation as assistance for the distribution of power
and establishing renewable energy projects.
Keywords:- Voltage Generation, Piezoelectric, Renewable.
With the goal of sustainable energy generation and
I. INTRODUCTION implementation of renewable energy sectors in society, the
study directs its motive towards the integration of PEH units to
In the Philippines, the energy sector is one of the factors contribute towards the future of clean power generation through
that contribute to environmental damage due to the location of human activity inclined with electricity.
the country and its resource activity throughout the years. In this
regard, renewable energy has been tested time and time again The conceptual framework follows an input and output
to undergo tests for integration in the power generated society process model as seen in the diagram below:
present in this age. Valenzuela City, a city located in the

Fig 1 Conceptual Framework of harnessing, developing, and generating electrical energy.

The source is where the external stimulus happens as the stimulus creates energy to that of an electromagnetic inductor
mechanical stress is applied to the device allowing vibration to through the energy passing through its cores. It also follows the
take effect as the variable measured by piezoelectric transducer theoretical studies of Renewable Energy and Application of
model installed. This raw mechanical energy generated through Lund (2005), and the theory of power generation through
footsteps, wheels, or mechanical stress will then be sent towards human footsteps by Gawad, A. A. (2015).
a rectification model effectively converting it into a feasible
electrical energy producing device (Ragupathy, 2017). The input, being the movement of people who walk on the
platform, creates a mechanical stress or vibration and will be
The theoretical framework of the system comes from the processed through the transducer module with varying
scientist Michael Faraday discovery that when a magnet is mechanical stress and strain causing the piezoelectric module to
given a movement inside the coil of wire, there can be a flow of respond with electricity generation (Abramovich et al, 2003).
electric current. The theoretical framework of the study follows The generated voltage is AC and will undergo rectification
the Electromagnetic based Generators using Faraday’s Law of turning the AC to DC voltage. The electrical energy that is
Electromagnetic Induction where the vibration of an external rectified will pass through a capacitor, where the capacitor will

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Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
act as smoothing agent. It will then be stored by the use of a energy using rotational motion and the faraday law notion in
storage device that connects to the output, a lighting fixture. this study.

A. Objective of the Study D. Conversion of Kinetic Energy to Electrical Energy

As per Arvind Ragupathy (2017) experimental article, the
 General Objective Piezoelectric Transducer gives a discontinuous or alternating
The study aims to integrate an Electrical Energy output when tapped repeatedly. As a result, it must be rectified
Harvesting platform made with Piezoelectric Transducers in an in order to be storable or usable DC. The stress or applied
electrical circuitry capable of producing voltage and storing it pressure and strain to the piezoelectric transducer has
on a high-capacity voltage battery that will in turn distribute the something to deal with its output. The application of strains and
said stored electrical energy towards lighting systems. The stress in the systems provides an actuation graph where the max
objective of the study is to assess the capability of the system to point of the stress applied in the beams also correlates with the
become a fully integrated platform for distributive use of piezoelectrics voltage and charge factor meaning that the
lighting fixtures and to assess the feasibility of installing the pressure is directly proportional to the applied strain (Elka et
platform in Valenzuela City People’s Park al., 2003).

 Specific Objective E. Platform Model

The research aims to specify objectives in accordance with In Batangas State University, there was a study and
the effectiveness of the platform in the production of electricity prototype conducted. It is a 0.6 by 0.8-meter portable power
with a feasible number of people applying force towards the generating floorboard that works by steps made on it. The
system. This will be done through assessing the capacity of supply generated by the device was rectified to produce DC
production made by the piezoelectric transducer platform. output and then stored on a 12-volt battery bank. According to
Obtaining a viable measure for system yield and application Balansay, Banaag, Ilagan and Maputi (2019), the weight of the
feasibility. Evaluating the stored electrical energy in its person who steps on the floorboard is proportional to the output
capability to distribute towards circuit layouts of small capacity of the device. Meaning it generates more electricity and charges
load fixture application in Valenzuela City People's Park. faster when heavier and more frequent weight is applied on it.
Associating the platform device into innovative technology for
renewable energy advancement. Providing a quality
Piezoelectric Energy harvesting unit through rigorous testing
and maintenance checks producing the most optimal
piezoelectric design.

B. Significance of the Study

Providing an innovative renewable energy generation
device can be a breakthrough in the field of energy generation
that tackles the mitigation of environmental effects non-
renewable energy generation brings to society. Renewable
Energy Distributors, Local Government Units, the Society,
Future Researchers, and even Students can harness the full
potential of this study to look into the capability of newer and
reliable energy generation through different means if it deems
necessary and essential.

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Issues in Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is a development of the century and the
proper answer for maintenance problems, environmental, and
lower reliance on foreign energy sources. Such foreseen
problems can provide a lens of reflective use to the effects of
renewable energy and its application in day-to-day lives
(Nocera, 2009), which in turn can help to understand the true
capabilities of Renewable Energy and its application.
According to the peer study done by Kerry Thouborron (2018)
about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Renewable Energy,
collectively indicating intermittency and sustainability as Fig 2 Cutaway view and the internal view of the portable
primary problems. power generating floorboards.

B. Piezoelectric Sensors III. RESEARCH PROCESS

A study from Venkatesh et al. (2019), said that the
piezoelectric effect is employed to create power in this A. Research Design
technique that when pressure and strain are applied to a material The researchers employ manual creation of the
that exhibits the piezoelectric effect, an electrical charge can be Piezoelectric Transducer platform and ensure that the system is
generated and in this study presents the design of power provided with the sturdy chassis and cohesive circuitry design
generation using footstep based on piezoelectric sensors capable of providing voltage generation while being viable
through the creation of a strong chassis that is able to withstand
C. Power Generation through Human Walking high instantaneous force application and even continuous force
Arvind et al. (2016) claimed that human walking could be application simultaneously. The data recording will work
used to generate energy. It generates electricity by installing a within two weeks of deployment and all data gathered will be
circular piezoelectric transducer in pedestrians, which is then treated by the corresponding data analysis treatment to verify
used to power streetlights. Ghosh et al. (2013) conducted system response, storage, and other parameters for feasibility.
another study and proposed employing footstep to generate The research follows this methodological approach as
electrical power for urban energy applications. They are using represented in the workflow chart of the system:
human motion to press the gear and shaft to create electrical

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Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165

Fig 3.3 Process Flow chart of Piezoelectric Transducer

The platform circuitry and design for the rectifier and the
final output of the system through Computer Aided Drawing
Fig 3.1 Process Flow chart for the Methodology (CAD) and 3D rendering shows the system applying a Parallel-
Series-Series Circuitry system that enables consistent voltage
B. Research Locale output even with damaged piezoelectric pieces, higher voltage
The study was conducted within the Valenzuela City output, and consistent circuit efficiency.
People’s Park, all of which have dense population presence due
to being public areas for leisure and gatherings situated near
neighborhoods, homeowners and small-scale subdivisions, as
well as the city’s main City Hall and government
establishments. The most optimal location for placement is on
the entrance of the Picnic Ground connecting the Ampitheatre
Catwalk and the rightmost side of the area. Since it connects the
inner street of A. Pablo, Malinta to the main hi-way of
McArthur bound towards north and south outside of Valenzuela
thus commuters use the VCPP as a linking avenue.
Fig 3.4 Rectifier circuit on Printed Circuit Board (PCB)

Fig 3.5 Piezoelectric transducer circuitry with rectifiers.

Fig 3.2 Valenzuela City People’s Park. Source: Google Earth

and Google Street View

C. Construction of the Platform

The researchers designed a newer platform that is able to
comply with the necessary parameters of the design and ensure
that the system can becomes as efficient as possible. The
construction of the platform follows the workflow charting
below:

Fig 3.6 Cross-sectional eye level view

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Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
D. Data Gathering Forms The following are the necessary data gathering forms for
The data gathering forms are made with careful the measurement of the parametric nature of the system’s
consideration of the parameters that can be inferred with the response. These data are considered for accuracy and
platform interaction as it respond with the stimuli of force feasibility.
application. The aforementioned parameters will be verified
through related study analysis and make a controlled E. Data Interpretation
environment testing that can eliminate the unnecessary The mean of the data in the voltage production of the
responses that will make not affect the system once deployed in platform is necessary to observe the average trend of voltage
the research locale. production yielded by the Piezoelectric Transducer circuitry in
the platform. The recorded voltage will be tallied every hour
Table 3.1 summarizes the voltage production sheet as it is after the initial deployment until its end and goes by the
deployed in the research locale. formula:
𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝑥̅ =
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑦

(Eq. 3.1)

𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎

𝜇 = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔

(Eq. 3.2)

Standard Deviation analysis will be employed in the data

to provide dispersion data of the voltage collected per week.
This can determine where the extremities lie within the data set
and whether they highly deviate in an environment reflective of
a controlled variant nature. Since there is little to no way of
measurement to the population count of forces applied to the
system, it is highly recommended to apply a standard deviation
procedure to measure dispersion count. It is given with the
formula:

1
𝑠 = √𝑛−1 ∑𝑛𝑖=1(𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥̅ )2 (Eq. 3.3)
Table 3.1 Data Sheet of Voltage Tabulation Produced by the
technology. Where: s = sample standard,
n = sample size, 𝑥𝑖 = each value from the sample, 𝑥̅ = mean
The duration of the test will be 12 days all done from sample
Sunday to Saturday in the first week as foot traffic in the locale
is more abundant due to people attending classes and getting to 1
work and Tuesday to Saturday in the second week. The 𝜎 = √ 𝑁 ∑𝑁
𝑖=1(𝑥𝑖 − 𝜇)
2 (Eq. 3.4)
following test sites will have two researchers administering the
experimentation at exactly 9 hours from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Where: 𝜎 = population standard,
Two researchers will administer the experiment at the following N = population size, 𝑥𝑖 = each value from the population, 𝜇 =
test sites for exactly 9 hours, from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM, where mean population
the time frame is the exclusive time considered by the locale's
administration. 𝑠 𝜎
𝐶𝑉 = (𝑥̅ ) = (𝜇 ) (Eq. 3.5)
The experimentation is expected to experience
malfunctions and manual repairs as it is subjected to the 9-hour Finally, the data will be treated in a “Chi-Squared Test”
deployment mark. Thus, maintenance reports describing the manner due to the nature of the data being comparable measure
design specifications where damage or malfunction occurs will from an expected value. This statistical data treatment considers
be reported each day and the time stamp such repairs are an ideal data formation in accordance with ideal voltage
executed. Table 3.2 shows the maintenance report sheet for the production and the average of its yield to the total average in
system for monitoring. voltage production of each time interval compared to natural
interactions.

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Interval Data Gathering Results

The characteristics of interaction, generation, and the
presented yield in the system are shown through the figures in
graphical form to better understand its connection with one
another.

Table 3.2 Daily Maintenance Report Table

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Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
The first 2 days, which is shown on figure 4.2, produced
minimal peak voltage production because people are still
unaware of the platform that causes them to avoid stepping on
the platform. The peak voltage production on days 3 and 4
shows great peak voltages in late afternoon hours, which shows
a great density of crowd visiting the park. In day 7 to day 12
shows great peak voltage production, although it shows
volatility where Peak voltages do not appear on consistent
timeframes. Peak voltages appear inconsistently but yields high
voltage production because people on the park are accustomed
to the platform and interact with it more frequently.

C. Maintenance Report

Fig 4.1 Interval Voltage Production for the First and Second
Week of Testing Table 4.1 Maintenance Record with Time for the First and
Second Week of Testing
In the overall first and second week comparison shown in
Figure 4.1, the system provided with info graphics and proper The relative maintenance count of not higher than two
platform guides have reflected a serviceable amount of data maintenance check-ups and with most of the maintenance being
recording that is mostly varied due to the natural response of done with the last instance of data recording, the Piezoelectric
people that would either avoid the system or does not interact platform design shows reliable and durable reaction against
with them. The system responds averagely in the interval high application of force.
recording due to factors of being new and responsive towards
only those that find the system worth checking. The system is D. Mean Analysis
on its third day of deployment, which shows the system The average value per day in the interval section of the
adapting to the assessed problems present in both day 1 and day data shows the trend in data accumulation. In the first day, the
2. The data shows an almost linear data count with two mean of day one provided the basis of the system when it comes
instances of maintenance that affects interval recording but still to the projected data gathering.
projects a more sustained interval count. The zero data outliers
are the maintenance records and this reflects throughout the 1st Day 1.29
data in the highest peak consideration, as well as, the 2nd Day 1.72
maintenance report. 3rd Day 3.42
4th Day 1.18
B. All-Time High (ATH) per Interval Data Gathering Results 5th Day 1.11
AVERAGE
6th Day 3.36
VALUES PER
7th Day 2.73
DAY
8th Day 2.73
9th Day 2.35
10th Day 1.68
11th Day 1.70
12th Day 2.33
MEAN OF ALL DATA 2.13
Table 4.2 Table of average values per day of interval data
gathering and mean of all data

1st Day 1.68

2nd Day 2.93
3rd Day 11.91
4th Day 5.08
5th Day 7.96
Average of Peak 6th Day 7.00
Voltage per Day 7th Day 14.06
8th Day 11.11
9th Day 10.40
10th Day 8.23
11th Day 10.86
12th Day 12.28
Mean of all 8.63
Fig 4.2 Peak Voltage Production for the First and Second Table 4.3 Table of average values per day of peak data
Week of Testing gathering and mean of all data

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Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
In Figure 4.3, the average peak values reflected in the
mean per day of the system’s highest voltage inside each
interval shows a gradual increase as exposure in the form of Table 4.9 Coefficient of Variance (CV) of Peak Voltage Data
deployment days is formed. The quantitative aspect reflects a Gathering Population
directly proportional inclination in the form of each average
increasing as the day increases. Through standard deviation, the data is noticeably erratic
in nature and this due to the response of the application in the
E. Standard Deviation Analysis locale making it unstable. The Coefficient of Variance proves
The application of the standard deviation will be related to these parameters as volatile yet consistent in producing voltage
both the sample mean and the population mean, which will since even if the deviation is high, the system itself produces
produce a Coefficient of Variance where a system of higher higher voltages in correlation with the mean.
value than one (1) would indicated high variance.
F. Chi-Squared Testing Results
1st Day 1.10 The statistical treatment used in the research is the “Chi-
2nd Day 1.48 Squared Test” as the data are compared towards an expected
3rd Day 6.45 value for the system. The expected values are reflected as the
4th Day 0.80
needed value that either rejects or accepts the aim of the
5th Day 1.34
objective as its null hypothesis stand-in.
STANDARD 6th Day 5.96
DEVIATION 7th Day 2.10
8th Day 4.61 Variables P- Level of Remarks
9th Day 5.19 Value Significance
10th Day 1.55
11th Day 1.48 Voltage Interval 0.242 0.05 Accept Null
12th Day 2.87 Hypothesis
Table 4.4 Table of standard deviation per day of interval data
gathering Voltage Peak 0.233 0.05 Accept Null
Hypothesis
1st Day 0.85
2nd Day 0.86 Table 4.10 Chi-Square Testing Table
3rd Day 1.89
4th Day 0.68 The data mean in the chi-square test table is the recorded
5th Day 1.21 mean interval per day of the system, the expected value is
COEFFICIENT
6th Day 1.77 written in the rightmost side of the data table and shows a 0.242
OF VARIANCE
7th Day 0.77 P-Value score for the system. Since the P-Value is above 0.05,
(CV)
8th Day 1.69 the chi-test indicates an acceptance of the null hypothesis in the
9th Day 2.21 objective of determining feasibility in deployment of the
10th Day 0.93 Piezoelectric Platform System in the Valenzuela City People’s
11th Day 0.87 Park. The null hypothesis is accepted and the day does not affect
12th Day 1.23 voltage generation due to the randomness of the voltage
Table 4.5 Table of Coefficient of Variance (CV) per day of production and respondents. For the second chi-square testing,
interval data gathering the chi-square test treatment of the study is provided with the P-
Value indication of 0.223, which is higher than the alpha value
of 0.05. Through the chi-square test treatment, the objective as
null hypothesis is accepted since the correlation fails to be
Table 4.6 Coefficient of Variance (CV) of Interval Data below 0.05, which implies failure in attaining the system for
Gathering Population storage in a battery

1st Day 1.16 V. CONCLUSION

2nd Day 2.22
3rd Day 14.05 A. Summary of Findings
4th Day 8.05 Overall, the findings reflected through data gathering in
5th Day 12.00 the natural setting as well as the controlled setting showed
STANDARD 6th Day 8.40 viable response data that proves the study to be successful in
DEVIATION 7th Day 12.05 terms of feasibility in applying the technology in Valenzuela
8th Day 9.00 City People’s Park. The Piezoelectric platform system together
9th Day 8.71 with its circuitry showing successful operation reflected by the
10th Day 7.26 yield and highest voltage accumulated by the system. Notable
11th Day 10.00 findings that should be considered is the prototype powering
12th Day 11.14 LED Modules, reliant on sustained and continuous foot traffic
Table 4.7 Table of standard deviation per day of peak data application, the interactivity, and establishing familiarity for the
gathering platform. Summarily, the findings provided better
understanding in the accumulation of voltage and its
1st Day 0.69 implications and use for the aim of the study.
2nd Day 0.76
3rd Day 1.18 B. Conclusion
4th Day 1.59
In the presented data, the methodological review, the
5th Day 1.51
COEFFICIENT statistical treatment, and the overall objective of the study, the
6th Day 1.20
OF VARIANCE feasibility of voltage generation through the use of kineto-
7th Day 0.86
(CV) voltaic platforms that is done through piezoelectric circuitry in
8th Day 0.81
the Valenzuela City People’s Park is viable, highly effective,
9th Day 0.84
10th Day 0.88
and successful through the means determined by the study. The
11th Day 0.92
integration of the piezoelectric platform shows phenomenal
12th Day 0.91 effectiveness as each interval shown in the data gathering
Table 4.8 Table of Coefficient of Variance (CV) per day of method reflects accumulation of data where every time interval
interval data gathering produces enough voltage that caps the expected voltage applied

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Volume 7, Issue 6, June – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
on each application. The platform durability is efficient and [6]. Lefeuvre, E., Badel, A., Richarde, C., & Guyomar, D.
reliable for long-term exposure of the system to foot-traffic (2007). Energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials:
application. The voltage and current generation for the use of Case of random vibrations.
storage and supply as seen in renewable systems like solar and [7]. Lund, H. (2005). Renewable energy strategies for
wind energy is still much to be desired. The careful sustainable development. In 3rd Dubrovnik conference on
consideration of current amplifying technologies and factors sustainable development of energy, water and
that affect the system’s capability of storage should be environment systems: Dubrovnik, Croatia, June 2005.
considered since the system aims for the full technological Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval
advancement with renewable energy system being the stepping- Architecture
stone of the study towards supply generation. [8]. Vatansever, D., Siores, E., & Shah, T. (2012). Alternative
Resources for Renewable Energy: Piezoelectric and
The objectives of the study were accomplished flawlessly Photovoltaic Smart Structures.
through data analysis as it is proven that the system cannot store [9]. Ragupathy, A. (2017). Piezoelectric Transducer Circuit
voltage due to the inconsistency of constant voltage and current and Its Applications.
production, which is needed in providing storage supply [10]. Shi, H., Liu, Z., and Mei, X., (2019). Overview of Human
towards batteries. Due to high voltage yield, the system proves Walking Induced Energy Harvesting Technologies and Its
itself to light LED fixtures that can be integrated in the Possibility for Walking Robotics.
Valenzuela City People’s Park’s premises. This follows proper [11]. Thoubboron, K. (2021, February 23). Advantages and
placement and component specifications to accomplish Disadvantages of Renewable Energy: EnergySage. Solar
News.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to impart their sincerest

gratitude to the people that supported them in achieving their
goals. First and foremost, the researchers would like to thank
Engr. Alex J. Monsanto for reaching out and aiding the
researchers on formal application of letters, approvals, and
meeting designations whenever guidance is needed. The
presentation of an avenue to express the needs of the researchers
and offering a helping hand will always be one of the major
assets that made their endeavors possible.

The researchers would also like to thank the ever-

supportive presence of Engr. Ryuichi T. Kishimoto and for
granting approval in their request to let him be the research
group’s technical adviser for their Thesis. His knowledge and
compassion enabled the researchers to look at all mistakes and
failures as opportunities to develop the research and make it as
full-proof as possible.

The entirety of the researchers’ family and friends are

considered in the subject of gratitude as well, through being
welcoming and showing immense assistance and support, these
people left a mark to the researchers and without a doubt
affected positively the research and its final output. The
researchers owe their persevering outlook in the entirety of the
experimentation and design to the moral support and almost on-
call assistance of those around them.

Finally, the researchers would like to express their

gratitude to the almighty God and his spiritual guidance that
made them realize the hardships that they experienced as
insightful perspectives that made them grounded and inspired
as they pursue accomplishing the research and their goal.

The researchers would never be here without their love

and support, may they forever be blessed with all the good in
life.

REFERENCES

[1]. Ang, C. K., Al-Talib, A. A., Tai , S. M., & Lim, W. H.

(2019). Development of a footstep power generator in
converting kinetic energy to electricity.
[2]. Balansay, M. L., Banaag, M. K.., & Ilagan, A. A. (2019).
Portable Power Generating Floor Boards.
[3]. Electrical4u (2020). Piezoelectric Transducer:
Applications and Working Principle.
[4]. Elka, E., Elata, D., & Abramovich, H. (2003). The
Electromechanical Response of Multilayered
Piezoelectric Structures. Retrieved from
[5]. Farouk, A., & Gawad, A. A. (2015). Utilization of Human
Footsteps for Power Generation.

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