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Volume 6, Issue 2, February – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Control of Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda)


by Using Some Selective Chemical Insecticides
Dipali Ingavale
Department of Agrochemical & Pest Management Shivaji University Kolhapur – 416004
India

Abstract:- In India Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera  Egg


frugiperda) is Serious major insect pest on Maize . The armyworm's egg is dome-shaped, and measures
Fall Armyworm comes in India in 2018 . The pest around 0.4 mm in diameter and 0.3 mm in height. Females
infestation & has been reported from maize farms in 20 prefer to lay eggs on the underside of leaves, but in high
states Present investigation carried out to determine populations they will lay them just about anywhere. In warm
efficiency of Thiomethoxam 25%WG & weather, the eggs will hatch into larvae within a few days.
Lambdacyhalothrin 5% SC against attack of FAW &
Observations recorded such infected Plants.  Larva
The larva go through six different , each varying
1. Thiomethoxam is systemic insecticide in class of slightly in physical appearance and pattern. The larva
neonicotinoids. It has broad spectrum activity against process lasts from 14 to 30 days, again depending on
many types of insects. temperatures. The mature caterpillar is about 1.5–2.0 inches
2. Lambdacyhalothrin is pyrethroid insecticide & (38–51 mm) in length. This is the most destructive life stage
acaricide used to control wide range of pest. as the larvae have biting mouth parts. The larvae have a
distinctive inverted Y suture on the forehead.
Keywords:- Thiomethoxam , Lambdacyhalothrin , Fall
Armyworm , Maize.  Pupa
The larva then underground for 7 to 37 days in a
I. INTRODUCTION cocoon they form of soil and silk. Duration and survival of
the pupal stage depend on the temperature of the
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperd)a is a environment.
species in the order and is the life stage of a fall
armyworm . The term "armyworm" can refer to several  Adults
species, often describing the large-scale invasive behavior of Once emerged, the adults live for about 10 days, and
the species' larval stage. It is regarded as a and can damage sometimes up to 21 days, with the female laying most of her
and destroy a wide variety of , which causes large economic eggs early in life. Adults are nocturnal and fare best during
damage. Its scientific name derives frougmiperda, which is warm and humid nights.
losftofrruit , named because of the species' ability to destroy
crops. Because of its propensity for destruction, the fall  Migration
armyworm's habits and possibilities for crop protection have Adults are capable of flying long distances, so even
been studied in depth. It is also a notable case for studying , though they are unable to north of the southern region of the
as it appears to be diverging into two species currently. United States, the moths can migrate as far north as
Another remarkable trait of the larva is that they practice . Southern Canada in warm months. Their rate is remarkably
The fall armyworm is active at a different time of year from fast, estimated at 300 miles per generation. Some scientists
the , another species in the order and family , but of the speculate that this fast migration is aided by the movement
genus . Outbreaks of the true armyworm usually occur of air in weather fronts armyworm larvae can wreak havoc
during the early part of the summer; the fall armyworm does on a wide range of crops. The first historical account of the
most damage in the late summer in the southern part of the fall armyworm's destruction was in 1797 in Georgia.
United States, and early fall in the northern regions. Life Destruction can happen almost overnight, because the first
History The fall armyworm's life cycle is completed within stages of a caterpillar's life require very little food, and the
30 days during summer, and 60 days during the spring and later stages require about 50 times more. Because of this
autumn seasons; during the winter, these caterpillars' life rapid change in food consumption, the presence of larva will
cycle lasts about 80 to 90 days. The number of generations a not be noticed until they have destroyed almost everything
moth will have in a year varies based on climate, but in her in as little as a night. Some examples of targeted crops
life span a female will typically lay about 1,500 eggs. include cotton, tobacco, sweet corn, rice, peanuts, and even
Because larva cannot enter into diapause they cannot fruits such as apples, oranges, and many more. The list of
survive cold temperatures. possible food sources for the worms is extensive, so crop
damage is wide-ranging. It is estimated that almost 40
percent of those species that armyworms target are

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Volume 6, Issue 2, February – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
economically important. Because the larva eat so much of Lambdacyhalothrin 5% SC used and observations recorded.
the plant, they are very detrimental to crop survival and Spraying conducted using knapsack sprayer of capacity
yield. In corn, larvae will even burrow into the corn ear to 200lit. for preparing the solution first pump cleaned with
eat the kernels. For the control of fallarmyworm many water and soap solution. After half pump filled with water
insecticides suggested by agricultural department. Some and another small container Thiomethoxam and
were costaly Lambdacyhalothrin solution mixed well. And transferred
into knapsack sprayer and final volume made upto 200lit.
Some were cheap. Among the we carried out spraying carried out at evening 5PM leafs were wetted
efficiency test of two insectides wich are broad spectrum in totally with fine mist of spray solution and some spraying
nature and from different groups viz. Thiomethoxam solution allowed to go inside the panicle as larvae feeds on
25%WG and Lambdacyhalothrin 5% SC was sprayed sprad growing leaves and panicle. The chemicals were selected
in maize field at 15 DAS when infestation started in the field one is pyrethriod and one is organophosphate both have
2 infested plants found at 1M2. The experiment conducted different mode of action. modulator which shows quick
on maize field at Bhilwadi , Sangli Total area was Two acrs. knockdown effect stomach poison and contact poison.
Experiment conducted on field at Village-Bhilwadi , Dist-
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sangli Maharashtra.

As FAW serious pest of maize for studying the Following two insecticides were used as shown in
efficacy of these two chemicals wich are broad spectrum in table no. 1.
narure viz. Thiomethoxam 25% WG and

Table 1
Sr. no. Insecticide Active Ingradient (AI) Concentration Used For Spraying
1. Theme Thiomethoxam 25% WG For 2 acrs 200 lit- 100gm
2. Lemsik Lambdacyhalothrin 5% SC For 2 acrs 200 lit- 200ml

III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION  Thiomethoxam is approved for use in the US as an


antimicrobial pesticide wood preservative & as a
In the experiment used two chemicals which is pesticides.
pyrethroids both chemicals are broad spectrum in nature
used to management of many pests. Both chemicals having  Lambdacyhalothrin 5% SC
strong odour. Both having different mode of action one  Pyrethroids such as Lambdacyhalothrin are often
having quick knock down action one is contact poison with preferred as an active ingredients in agricultural
AchE inhibitors wich kills larvae or mouth wich comes in insecticides because they are more cost effective &
contact. The spraying started at evening time. The longer acting.
insecticides used as shown in table no 1. While recording  Lambdacyhalothrin are now used to control to insects &
observation we did count of infected plants with FAW and spider mites in crops including cotton, maize, cereals,
after 3 to 4 days and and time required to death of larvae. potatoes & vegetables.
While counting the we found only 8 infected plants by  Lambdacyhalothrin disrupt the functioning of the
calculating DAS average infestation of all rows. Up to 20 nervous system in an insect pest.
DAS and we conducted second spraying at 22 th day upto
45 DAS no new infestation recorded in this field. As crop IV. CONCLUSION
gets heighted damage get reduced from 45DAS. After
spraying within two minutes 2 and 3 instar larvae were Spraying of both chemical simenteniously showing
collected wish showing paralysed symptom after 10 minutes good effect in average cost for management of FAW.
death of larvae occur. Observation taken a row of 100 plant Spraying of Thiomethoxam 25% WG and
selected and affected plants calculated we found only 2 to 3 Lambdacyhalothrin 5% SC as per concentration given in
damaged on 27 As we used chemical these are on an table no-1. FAW management can be done effectively.
average the damage recorded on average basis only 2 to 3%. While spraying carried out first spray at 10DAS and second
spray at 20 DAS. Gives effective management against FAW
 Thiomethoxam 25% WG can be recommended to farmers in this region.
 Thiomethoxam is broad spectrum, systemic insecticide
which means it is absorbed quickly by plants &
transported to all of it parts.
 More resistant to washing off due to rain water.
 Relatively cost effective.
 It has greater effectiveness against all lepidopterean
pests.

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Volume 6, Issue 2, February – 2021 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
REFERENCES

[1]. Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_armyworm
[2]. https://entomology.unl.edu/insecticide-treatment-
options-fall - armyworm field-corn.
[3]. Evaluation of efficacy of insecticides against the fall
army worm Spodoptera frugiperda Article in Indian
Journal of Entomology • January 2019
[4]. Biology of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
(Smith) on different artificial diets Lekha, mk mahla, h
swami, ak vyas and kc ahir
[5]. The Efficacy of Selected Synthetic Insecticides and
Botanicals against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera
Frugiperda, in Maize Birhanu Sisay 1,2,3,
Tadele Tefera 2, * , Mulatu Wakgari 1, Gashawbeza
Ayalew and Esayas Mendesil 4

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