Preamble of the Martian Constitution

ARTICLE 1: The official language of the Republic of Mars will be the one that has obtained the majority of votes following a referendum.

Title 1 of the Martian Constitution: Fundamental Rights

Chapter 1: Human Rights

ARTICLE 2: All humans are equal and have the same rights. Any discrimination on the grounds of their origin, sex or beliefs is prohibited.

ARTICLE 3: Freedom of religion, worship, conscience, demonstration and freedom of opinion are guaranteed by the Martian Constitution.

ARTICLE 4: Torture, barbarity, inhuman acts and crimes against humanity are prohibited.

ARTICLE 5: Freedom of expression is guaranteed to all citizens of the Republic of Mars. Censorship cannot take place unless the court decides otherwise.

ARTICLE 6: Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.

ARTICLE 7: Every citizen has the right to a fair and public trial as well as to have access to an impartial judge. Citizens cannot be deprived of any right without prior trial.

ARTICLE 8: All citizens have civic and political rights allowing them to vote and to stand for election.

ARTICLE 9: Slavery and forced labour are strictly prohibited.

ARTICLE 10: The death penalty is not applicable.

Chapter 2: Rights of Non-Human Beings

ARTICLE 11: Non-Human Beings are all living beings from planets other than Earth or Mars.

ARTICLE 12: Non-Human Beings enjoy the same freedoms as those guaranteed to Human Beings.

ARTICLE 13: All Non-Human Beings have a right of residence on the planet Mars. Access to the territory cannot be denied unless there is a court order to protect the planet.

ARTICLE 14: Everyone has a duty of assistance towards Human Beings and Non-Human Beings on or near Mars. This duty of assistance must be ensured in proportion to everyone’s abilities.

Title 2 of the Martian Constitution: Organisation

ARTICLE 15: The Republic of Mars is made up of a Federal State, itself made up of several Federated States defined by a referendum.

Chapter 1: Organisation of Federated States

ARTICLE 16: Each Federated State can freely decide on the organisation and functioning of its internal institutions.

ARTICLE 17: Each Federated State must respect the principles erected by the Martian Constitution and comply with it.

Title 3 of the Martian Constitution: Independence

ARTICLE 18: The Federation and its Federated States may request their independence from the land countries in order to be fully independent.

ARTICLE 19: The independence of the Federal Republic of Mars is subject to a popular referendum having obtained an absolute majority of votes.

ARTICLE 20: In the event of independence, the territory of the Federated States would no longer belong to the Terrestrial States. The latter will then have to give it up and grant their independence to the Federated States.

Title 4 of the Martian Constitution: Constitutional Revision

ARTICLE 21: The Martian Constitution may be amended when the DAO consents to it by a majority.

This draft was based on that written by Clara NOGUEIRA (Paris-Saclay) in 2020.