AfICTA - The Role of AI in Governance & Digital Transformation
7:36AM Mar 28, +0000
Speakers:
Elise Gerich
Tony Reid
Bill Jouris
Rachael Shitanda
Dr. Mwasaga Nkundwe
Tigist Awoke
Dr. Lucy Muthoni
Dr. Jimson Olufuye
Arinola Akinyemi
Keywords:
ai
data
governance
africa
models
systems
continent
digital transformation
talk
give
working
share
question
lucy
country
generative
secretariat
issue
tanzania
capabilities
So, for
Dr. Wasaga, maybe we have to wait for another two minutes after which we might have to come let's
go your day to
day life
right, we have three minutes behind the shadow requests, requests that we come late in the session right away means ritual she Tanda will be taking the opening speech, representing the chairman Fichter. Miss Richards Gitana is the deputy chair of our filter and the vice chair of East Africa. So please welcome with me, is Richard Sutala. He takes us to the events
all over.
Okay, thank you so much, Secretariat, thank you so much everyone for gracing us in this event and also making time to participate in our conversation today. And I want to welcome you
to recording in progress.
I want to welcome you to our Fichter. We are a group of companies that have come together and associations and also academic enthusiasts in the tech ecosystem to foster business in Africa, that are centered around technology. And so I on behalf of our chair, Adam Rolandi, was not able to grace us today. I want to open this forum, and
welcome you all
to give your opinions to participate. And also to continue this conversation of the role of AI in governance and digital transformation in Africa, which is something that we have to agree that it's long overdue to discuss and also to come up with frameworks. So welcome again. And I will take you back to Secretariat.
All right. Thank you so much, Richard, for that very brief, but quite a heavy welcoming speech. We really appreciate that. So without further delay, I will request that we dive straight in the event. So I'm still going to welcome Miss Rachel she turned up because she's going to be the one to moderate the session. We have our speakers already online with us. And I believe this deliberation is going to prepare a positive inputs towards the integration of the digital age for everyone in Africa. So I would pass the baton back to you, Miss Rachel, thank you so much.
Thank you so much Secretariat to our distinguished speakers and panelists that have graced occasion today. Thank you so much for making time to come here. I will first start with Dr. Kadima saga, the ICT commission Tanzania General Director General maybe you can talk to us and maybe introduce yourself to the audience
Dr. Masada
Hello, hello. Can you hear me? Yes, we can hear you.
Yeah, thank you very much. My name is Dr. win-win. Moses for saga,
the to discuss a very important issue of Tanzania is currently
in the digital landscape of the world around AI
thank you Dr. Masada. Again, we appreciate your presence in our fora
scientists on how also go to sickness.
Maybe you can tell us a bit about yourself and we can proceed to Dr. Lucy. Okay, thank you. Hello, everyone.
Good morning for me in some of you are in my timezone. Good afternoon.
For some of you and good morning. I'm happy to join after a while Africa to Costa Rica aboriginality from Ethiopia right now. I mean, us and I've been working in the data analytics area right now on generative ADR. Right, and I'm working on that one is un or look Bank and IMF and now I'm working on different subjects. So I am and looking forward to discuss this very exciting topic with you all. Thank you. Okay, thank you, Mr. Yes. Dr. Lucy.
Hello, everyone. My name is Lucy. And I'm currently in the US on a Fulbright program. That means
I'm in a program that has been sponsored by the US government.
And I'm a mathematician. And I do teach Strathmore University in Nairobi, Kenya.
And I'm so excited and honored to be part of the panelists and speakers for this event. And I'm looking forward to both learning and also sharing what delicious knowledge I might have with the attendance, attendance at the people who are attending this particular session. Thank you so much, Dr. Lucy for also making time to be with
us today. And for all the panelists and
invited guests, we're so honored to have you here. And also to to benefit from the wealth of knowledge that you guys have and also what our audience have. And so I want this session to be very interactive, we will be taking questions from our audience, and I'm sure that we will have a good conversation going forward. So, next cell ask the Secretariat to continue
critize it alright, this ritual. So I believe we can dive straight into the
major aspects of this event which is discussion. So we have all the speakers with us I think we can start with the presentations I believe some of our speakers have in a presentation or the other to make so Mr. Chair please take over from here. Let them come forwards one after the other we appreciate them. Thank you. Thank you Thank you Secretariat I think we can start with mistake is
that you can share with us
your presentation and the audience
please thank you okay, I wasn't expecting to be the first one but try
so click let me try to share my screen
here can you see my screen is my screen visible?
Not yet.
Okay are out.
Let me send you via email and maybe you can share it. Or you can try reshare again huh
If it's readily available you can share with me on WhatsApp mystic is
one of my mission so out
of Arizona email
would be way
easier for you to access it. Certainly me to that. Email as Mr. Greens,
shares the presentation, we can start introducing ourselves, we can share our links and emails and ways we can reconnect after this conversation by the conversation outside this space. And so Secretariat, you can I've seen people sharing their contact information, the email addresses, so meaning these conversations quite interesting. So he opened to continue this conversation outside. So let us continue talking on the chat. So you can post your question on the q&a, the
panelists when we open the forum for the questions.
Okay, meanwhile, I think I can open the forum to
to Lucy.
Maybe you can give us an insight of your outlook on AI and
governance, Governor governance in the digital space in Africa and what your thoughts are, as we wait for the presentation to come out. Okay, so for me, I will I'm looking at it as a conversation that
we need to have. But as in we should
ask ourselves, when we talk about governance, what exactly comes to our mind, many people would think we're talking about national government only, or we are looking at government's like, as we understand it, but from them, I would look at describe governance as a process where like responsibilities or shared resources are shared. And it kinda, it's like a set of rules that tell us how to go on
to achieve a particular vision
we will have put for ourselves or a particular goal that you want to achieve, and so forth. So when we set out to do something, as a society, as a group, as, as a company, are, then this the rules that we set on the ground to ensure that we achieve what we hope to achieve, would call IT governance. So the process is, how do we then put in artificial intelligence into the space of governance and the governance now can come from the law, from the very low space, it could even be Chalmers Chalmers, is what we call in Kenya, it's a group of people that come together to, you know, to share resources and invest together and so forth. So it can be a small group as much, or can go forward all the way to a corporate governance, it can go now to a country governance or a county governance. And now even as of now, we have a new and we have all that, like it can just become panels can be anything. Yeah. So it is the set of rules that we put down. Now, when we talk about artificial intelligence, again, many people freak out because they think, oh, robotics, all things like a really, really struct. And therefore people detach from the process, they think, Oh, I'm not a good computer.
I'm not a good coder.
I don't call they don't do programming. But AI is not about that. And AI is, it's not just about that, and AI is not again, just about robotics, it's not like something as simple as a chatbox that is application of AI, artificial intelligence. So, artificial intelligence in a nutshell, if I was to explain it to a child is trying to teach a computer, a particular computer application or a gadget, how to more and more mimic human behavior. It mean mimics human behavior and lands as you feed it data and information. And when, when we when you feed it in information, then therefore it's going to be able to assist like let me give an example. When for those people who use iPhones they're receiving. So before you use Siri, you have to keep on repeating particular phrases until it's good It's able to get them so that it's able to learns your pronunciation and so forth. When you're looking at Safaricom, like Safaricom, a company in Kenya, when we talk about at Safaricom, my voice is my protection.
Again, you have to say it over and over again. Until now it is embedded into the
system. So, you and it can also be even as simple like when you're going to the web. And you're right, you have some questions. So it can be what to call like a very simple process, where chatbox answers questions and if they are unable, then they send you to a human or human agent who can answer those questions. So we'll talk about AI for me, it just blows my mind because we have so many tools that can be used in the processes on governance. And I'm very excited about sharing much as we continue talking. So that is I just felt as a teacher. First we have to break down what exactly are we talking about? Yeah. And and the reason also the other thing is I'm excited about this conversation is that many people are left out especially when one of the things we talk about inclusivity How does AI enable inclusivity of the people who are not able to use computers and you know and so much so the thing is I'm here for for the knowledge I'm here for sharing and knowing and then the little icon said as we pair the presentations from
last because Oh, I was just waiting for that explanation you know the teacher asked for time to come out Dr. Lewis and we appreciate that
okay, I'll also ask if the PPT is ready
so that we can project that
presentation ready
but yet
Secretariat if you have it good otherwise continue and maybe we can share it at the end.
Yes, I have. I have the presentation with me. But I would
request that Dr. Wasaga
Okay, Dr. Lucy can we use the OST writes back to please
Dr. Lucy I think you have the horse rights maybe you can give it back to
Secretariat
okay, maybe we can have maybe Dr. Masa you can give us an outlook of what you feel this
constant conversation should be about or what you what's your take on the topic as we continue
doxa saga
maybe you can give
you can give us an outlook of the conversation and what is your thoughts ask me Yes We Can you hear me?
Yes
I think you're breaking up it I don't know if your connection is okay. But we can hear you
yeah
the topic
once in the devil
Oh, I think we are losing you Dr. Masada. I think you have lost him right.
Connection seems to be a problem
Oh, you can go
back to the presentation as Dr. Mas we wait for Dr. Masaka
Miss take Please seek and progressive presentation. You.
Okay. Okay. Thank you.
Thank you for everyone. And
so I was
trying I was working on this January TBI. And I just recently also finished a couple of courses with MIT and I have been involved with really on generative, why? Because it's also the new things that really bombarded here around us. So our strategy is how we can make use of generative AI on that regard in our continent. But that it means what it means is when you are using these generative AI capabilities, it's coming with lots and lots of capabilities, and we are going to be a cubed, or were already accused. But to access it, to know how to use it, we need to really a big deal of governance, governance is one of the major things that it's not right now about our continent, our the different countries within our continent, but all over the world lead, everyone is discussing about how to get that need, because it's upcoming to snoods emerging, and there are lots of things that are being going around date. So first, let's talk a little bit about what do you mean by AI and what what differentiates it from generating AI. So AI will take over take what was discussed by Dr. Lucy earlier about AI. And that's all features that are available on AI automated in teaching the machine to act in a certain way like, if you like to identify using AI with or something is an apple or not, you will give it different shapes of Apple different colors after your digit is a machine and then the machine will start to give you an answer. Whenever it sees an apple or an orange, it can differentiate an orange from an apple. That was what has been discussing. And that has been the machine learning the older version of what a ICANN has been doing. And then what Dr. Lucy has also discussed about the Chatbot capabilities came in. And based on that it's generated AI continued from that area. So generative AI is quite a new field as you can hear it like it's been almost a year now since we're almost two years now when time flies, since we hear a lot about these open AI generative API's upcoming new technologies all over the world. So what has really started generic TBI generative AI was something that AI has been seeking for too long. It is changes or basically around on mathematical functions and things have moved away. When a Google paper on 2017 I think by six to eight Google gingers have established wrote a paper that says attention is all you need. I put it over here, maybe you can calculate that it's successful. So that is a thing that has really emerged since generative AI. So what you see now about the Google bar, now they just entity to Gemini, what you are hearing all about right now on the news and everywhere. generatively is the Google Trends, meeting, as the news has waned the hallucination part, especially on image generation, but what it can do, or GPT GPT is and I know that it's not accessible in everywhere in the world, but in some parts of the world. It's already accessible, or church, GBT is what we call it. So this thing has happened because of how the transformer architecture on AI has moved away. So that is quite a little bit of the technical part of it before we move into a governance aspect of it and what it can do this generative AI what
it can do for us. So what is generically
AI? Generative is a type of artificial intelligence. It's one of its types. So what has been discussed and what's already has been available in the world that broadly described as machine learning system capability, but now it's no more about them. Question. There are supervised and supervised ways of teaching
the machine. So when it comes to generating AI, what
it becomes is like you'll teach the machine a bunch of data. Like activity is now has learned from over 45 trails of data on the Internet data and design whatever information When you are trying to fit in, you'll ask it and it will develop takers, it will develop image, it will either now, if you have heard of about the news on Sora, if you those of you who are been following this artificial intelligence, then you can just type a text and it will give you a video. That is how the capabilities have gone up. So, whatever text you want to type in, you can type in, like if you'd like to understand about, for example, governance, what type of governance does Kenya need or return regarding generative, and it will draft you a document which will take lots of expertise ideas. So what have been present, what I'm going to present will be around it so that how can we really use these capabilities for our purpose, I try to look at it from two different perspectives. So as generative AI can generate text can generate images and can generate videos, just type it's like the perfect version is there. But it's not about the deep fake version. It's about you just type something and it will develop something for you. So can you please go down to the next slide the next one. Next time, please. So I'm trying to look at it what type of opportunities
exist generative ai ai in general in very
specifically this generate TBI can bring into for us on our side so we can really make use of it. So first of all, access to information for all has become available. So we always talk about our digital divide rollers talk about how knowledge gap we have, and it is obvious we don't have the resources, or the knowledge that we have is also really, on my view really attacked what we have. And we in Africa, we have a different perspective, a different approach to the rest of how the sum of the other parts of the world thinks and functions and our data, our knowledge is not yet really accessible. Now this access to information for all being available means we will be able to showcase how we see our perspective. Like I don't see that African perspective or our continent is a unique continent as everybody's unique. Our way mostly also for us, we have been using really miles to Mars word is when we lose an elder we always say that we lose the library. So a ton of information has been kept on human beings, but now it gives us a chance to share also our knowledge, our wisdom to the rest of the world it also because access to information for all Is it because this informations how we are accessing how we are training the models. Specifically whenever we are talking about generative AI we are talking about models called learn language models, ll limbs, so how we teach that model is how it matters. So access to information for all is going to be available on it is already available right now. So how we access it and how we control that information is when we come to the governance part that we're going to discuss more detail on Larry. So the other things that opportunity, it can give us his educational advancement, AI powered tools enhance learning experience. Now, if you'd like to know how to make something, you really don't have to go to the library, you don't have to look for too much information everywhere. And you don't have to keep on searching on Google for index it in an index saved information. Those on the field, you'll understand me like Google will show you only to a certain extent index information and sponsored information, and then the rest will be hidden. So we have to be the websites have to be indexed really to show the data at the top. And the time you spend on those Google searches is also longer. But now we have a very precise way of finding information you can go to chat to BT or Gemini or Bing now is the copilot features that is a Microsoft based one will give you some type of influence. When looking for for example, some that you would like to train their own large language model, or some of us didn't understand really what this large language model are mentioning about. So you can just type in and Zane, you will start to understand what it really means and how you can be developed or those of us who are developers Seems like you'd like to develop something. Okay, I would like to do this and I would like to see a Python code. So it will develop for you a Python code. So you can use that code, you can customize it for your own specific Pay case. And you can develop your own software, developing games, so many things, it is now possible, you can generate even like stories very easily like writing stories, you like to create some sort of Figshare story. And you can just feed it information about I would like to find out information about two people who are believing in Addis Ababa, they move to the city as I've started live, can you please Francis, and it will be great for you such an amazing story, those capabilities are here. So that means we can use it for productivity for learning. And tailor the content improves literacy rates and skill development. So, time is saved. And also it will teach us a lot within a short period of time. So that the educational one advancement is it and our student is our professors, everyone in the everyone who wants to learn about something can access information very easily. Christian and agricultural revolution is also coming to a very great success because of this generator I have seen using some AI models, some predictions were done when a graph so perfect has happened, I think a couple of years back by one Ethiopian engineer for the East African Community. So that is something like well, agriculture and we can application optimization, crop management or small holder farmers is possible, improves crop yield and promotes sustainable practices because the prediction, like one of the things that this generative AI can do is also if you know how to use it properly, there is a field called predictive analysis, if we can give it like the past two years of data what we have been accessing, then it will help us to develop a predictive model and design we will be able to predict things regarding the agricultural area when crop is coming out. So those things also can help us a lot oversee and access to health care is a healthcare accessibility, remote health care services bridging accessibility gap. Now because of the accessibility of information, our doctors will have a good chance, our researchers will have a good chance of developing different kinds of medicines and also providing the right and the knowledge gap of new researchers we insert new researches our healthcare professionals are very busy professional, as we all are aware of. So they'll have a chance also to be up to up to date up to date data on what is going on, because of this generative AI capabilities based on Windsor model has been updated. So updated, improved diagnostic accuracy and preventive care mechanisms have been possible. And as are things that it can really help us it is some of the things I mean there are so many things I put also some references over here, it can do so many things for us, one of the other things it can do for us will be local language processing. So developing AI models for local language to enhance communication and information access possibilities here. And as you can, as you know it we have Africa is we are blessed with lots of language, lots of cultures and different. I believe that generative AI is something also we can really utilize it on that regard so that we can share the different wisdoms from different cultures, we have good a good chance of sharing information from different perspectives and different languages can be addressed. And language can be a limiting factor for us in our communications. So these are some of the opportunities that are being sought after by different articles. And these are some of the things that I've been working on. But these capabilities will not come without any kind of challenge or considerations or limitation. So some of the issues that we're facing end or continue facing and how we can address it also will be here beside the say governance thing that we are discussing. Shall we go to the next slide, please? Especially when we're talking about
considerations, we already were aware of our Internet penetration with our
continent and accessibility is there. So we have really in France Structural challenge is having Internet access is the first one. And then the rest of the world it is also sharing this infrastructure challenges because of a very specific kind of GPUs that's being used there is Nibi. Nvidia is the one that is producing this one. And you can hear it on the news, this infrastructure capability is really a limiting factor specifically for the rest of the world too, but specifically for us, so we need to really address limited Internet connectivity and an unreliable power supply not only having Internet for us, its power is also our major issue. So some of the things that we need to addressing our challenges on how to use it, when to use it. So our government's in one momento over here is definitely very high. And we're relying on some of the other things that comes along with it is ethical considerations. So deploying AI with ethical guideline and regulatory framework is extremely important, because when we are making everything accessible, then how we train the model has to be in a very ethical manner, because after all garbage in garbage out that with submission, so, how we are going to work on it really matter. So ethical guidelines ethical and also notes on how third day not only on trainings, le lame, but the people are also working how we are going to treat them because of vectorization of data is second side of it. So we are working on this. So how we are going Am I audible?
At some glitch? Yes, you are. Okay. Okay, good. So ethical consideration, deploying AI with the current guidelines is
extremely important, which is another area, which I'm happy about that this meeting is going to address so how we are going to address ethical AI is something also a trustworthy AI ethical AI is something we need to be really putting into consideration while we're emerging into this large language models. skill development is another area, though it comes with its own capability. It will equip us with a lot of knowledge, understanding and education, but at the same time to get into ether sulfone, so if Nixon has been so investing on educational programs for AI related skill development is extremely highly important for us. So we always talk about we have this digital divide, we have the gap. That is very true. That is, but if we really focus right now on AI, and invest our education on AI and the start teach it from a very young age, on how we can use AI, then we can really, it will give us a really a chance to accelerate and to come to the level where we can showcase what we have really, I don't think we are left out, we are behind on how we do things, but how we do things is completely different from how some others work with. So it will give us really a chance to showcase but to showcase that we need to be equipped with. So that's something also we need to be really involved with on our financing our capabilities in financing our skill sets, enhancing our maybe I'm from a computer science background, so I'm excited about it. So when people go there, it will give them a very good chance of developing their skill set on the area. So that it doesn't have to be really understanding AI should not be limited to coding only or specific educational background, we have to leverage it for all because as it can see it now every one of us are using the same computer, every field, what we do own it is different. So having the knowledge understanding of how AI work is is extremely important for the doctor for the lawyer for the accountant, every one of us for mathematician and physicist, chemist, every one of us like there is no fields that's not not being affected by AI, generative AI models and what information you can find for your specific field, you will start to appreciate it so It's not specific to your field, but it is specific to everyone. So that is something called. So we need to focus on local context and tell sensitivity, something I have been addressing it also tailoring a solution to address specific regional challenges. So we are the ones who know our issues were the ones what is needed on our area. So that is something called so we need to address based on like, we don't have to be considering what is the model that has been trained, developed for some other country, we can develop our own, that's also another consideration we need to put in place for our service. So affordability and accessibility, ensure AI driven services are affordable and accessible, is something that's all it is fair sick, it's not only for us, it's for the rest of the world. But at the same time in our governance structure, also, something we need to really put into consideration on how we can make it really accessible and affordable. So as it is, it's expensive, whenever you are running any kind of model, it's expensive, it's indoor labs, and but there are also some open source limbs that are being available like llama and there are so many So, how can we really access this once and how can we make it accessible via fake tech and also with other open source communities something we have been working on when I was around. So, something we can address so that we can really address these considerations to have access to the opportunities that we have been discussing earlier may have is a conclusion slide please.
In conclusion,
integration of AI called is promise for sustainable development in Africa.
And it is really visible. I know every country is working on AI already. But regarding what all the efforts that we have been working on AI we have to move I think we have to really give it emphasis for generative AI and how we can really use it for sustainable development and I believe that it is going to be very much beneficial. But here sighs opportunities and at risk consideration for air driven progress, Africa was to lead in the area of air driven innovation in the knowledge improvement in my view, that when I say Africa is poised to lead, because we have got the chance over here to showcase what the lead haven't yet seen a different perspective. So that it can be really and also when it comes to generate the VDI, the whole world is also emerging. So because also it has emerged on 2017 A wide range or the models or transformers model came in. So this changes and that means it gives us also upper hand with everything we are going ahead with what's going on in the world. So we are here to challenge our considerations. And please for the opportunities and for that really we need the government ethical governance at restore the governance and how the government is going to in one bit on all this will be England important. Thank you so much. can proceed. Thank you so much
mistake is that was a really impressive way of setting just to
at least our
audience is understanding where the conversation is and
where we can we can build it now to go through discuss the governance.
We'll come back to Quinto and sorry for the hiccup. Maybe I'll also give an opportunity for a doctor thank you speak and we outline is such towards this conversation and then we can proceed
you very much I hope you can you can hear me now.
Yes we can.
My colleague who have just finished presentation now, just set a very good foundation of the discussion that we have. What we are discussing now is a very important topic that touch what are we gonna need to discuss about that is artificial intelligence, the role of it. Then the whole process of digital transformation, like the way colleague, Justice explained, we talk about digital transformation. Physically we are looking, it's at three levels augment where we can reach a level where we start to enjoy the benefits of AI in a different aspects of our society in the context, that is the issue of economics, the use of social in the issue that has to do with governmental and other things. One is, we need to do the process of digitization properly. And also we need to look at the issue that has to do with digitalization. And then after that is where we can start to enjoy the digital transformation of what we are discussing. Now to be able to move to those three levels until we reach this digital transformation. Permanence is very important, because that is the issues which really need to have different instruments to enable us to accelerate that transformation. Until we transform ourselves that we enjoy. Most of the things that are supposed to the issues are the issues of data, we need to articulate, put measures to ensure that if possible, the data resides in the continent, rather than the data to be residing out of the continents. Because we all understand that once the data is lost in the continent, it gives competitive advantage to companies or to countries where our data is residing, too, we need to build the capabilities of our research institutions, educational institutions, and experts to be able to create or delete things that they can see, analyze our data and get the insights in in a quicker way. So that's that another issue is we need to invest into infrastructure, especially the infrastructure of computation. Now my talk, I took in the vantage point of the continents, I'm not talking about but the point of Tanzania, because our continent now we have African frequent NATO trade area. So in the digital transformation or digital landscape, need to look at Africa as one country. Now, if you look, Africa as one country, we need to create a digital economy, which is very inclusive, which will benefit our people to enable our youth to be able to innovate, and create systems to enable them to do two things for the continent. One is to ensure that our sector through digital transformation is creating job for youth. And also, the effect of digital economy is contributing substantially into the cumulate complex. Now,
explaining about all those things touch, a lot of issues that we need to discuss of which my colleague articulated it very clearly.
When we talk about having capability of creating algorithms with the can sift through data, and, and have the insight which are necessary for us, we need also to discuss issue that has to do our quality of education, our quality of research institutions, and all the ecosystem that has to do with education, especially the area of how mathematics is. So governance is important, because this issue touches different sectors. And if in touch different sectors, surely we need to have an instrument where we can we can govern who can govern that. And also the issue that has to do with cybersecurity, because AI, you know, is a hot topic management. It deals with data, it deals with computational devices. So we really need to know about the cybersecurity and the trust in the area of trust is the issue that has to do with the consumer protection, of which my colleague is regulated very clear. The other thing that's of importance into governance is an issue that has to do with digital telecommunication services one to ensure that governance structure and all instrument that we use, we are creating an environment where telecommunication services are available indiscriminately every point in our continent. We know if you we analyze continents of the world. Our continent is number of people who are not connected to the Internet. So countries in our continent they need to work on to ensure that connect more people with the net, and then we have a network is able to carry the AI flows. Because we all understand that AI workflows they need. An infrastructure has lower latency than the infrastructure that we build that we use to application, which are not mission critical. So we need to have that. And then if we start to analyze on the on, on that issue of communication services, we have to look at the model of the supply and the demand side. So in the supply side, countries need to provide infrastructure that will enable people to enjoy the AI and with the demand side, we have to make sure that the device is accessible, the devices are ready to enjoy or to carry the workflows of AI. So this is an area also, which is which is need to have an intervention, we need to look at the governance or other thing. Because we all understand people that they have
superior algorithms nowadays, they
convert other places, especially our continent, to be taught the consumer of the innovations, we need to ensure that first we create our large language models of the continent. Because now it's difficult to agree on which language to create language models on, we can agree which language to adopt as an African language and of which will start to integrate on top of it. But to start with countries, they can decide to create their own language models. And then we can have one language model for the continent. Because having that it's easy to create now the market for yourself where other people will be able to or startups to innovate on top of it. And also in the governance need to talk about the intrapreneurship and the innovation parts, because he
is in this area or
behind a special for the market of Africa that we have. Because we all understand the cumulative GDP, the continent is 3.4 trillion US dollars, and the contribution of ICT that cumulative GDP 7% According to African Development Bank, to do your mathematics, basically, that is a market of almost 320 something billion US dollars. Now, if you analyze who is benefiting from from from, from from that market of AI, you will find that most of the companies, to the continents, to be precise. So we need to ensure that our governance mechanism that we put there, they enable us to get a bigger share of that the GDP that's rising from ICT, we know that so the totality. But the bigger issue is that those opportunities are supposed to benefit the continent, if possible, in larger extent, and if possible, to enable us to compete with other people around the world. Now, how can we build our capabilities? Because governments should be talking also about that? How can we build capabilities, I know there are a lot of us who are creating AI applications nowadays, and they create a benefit for us, but we do understand the inner part of those application, you will find that they are using models which are residing in other continents. And also they are using computational infrastructure, which is not in the continent. So we need to build the capabilities, both machine vision and sensing the models both for traditions and decision making. We need to make sure that natural language processing, we invest more into that. And then we need enablers, which is big data analytics, and AI X ray, it's a hardware that is the hardware which which is doing all the magic that we totally enjoy. And also, we do have to build the capability in the Learning Systems, which is the issue of deep learning, reinforced learning. So the governance that I'm proposing on that we need to follow up is the one that is going to build our capability in those areas that I've been talking about, so that we can enjoy more the new economy that other people they have termed as AI. So this is just my contribution so far, and I'm
ready for further discussion. Thank you
so much Dr. Conway
for for that incisive
preparation of a topic, I would want to
all the panelists and maybe we can open our
in our videos so that we can start discussing the questions at hand. And so, from the conversation that we already started, I will dive into the questions getting framed framework. And so, I will ask the audience, the panelists, this is one directed to Dr. Okun way of
governance. So, question on governance, how should the governments regulate AI and
AI and use AI to ensure governance and fairness
and transparency and accountability is that it to
this is putting in consideration one of the use cases that from your country Tanzania when it comes to one of the use of AI in judiciary
and so, maybe you can give us an insight of how that
is working and how other governments can use AI governance and balance. Thank you very much for that and at least to lead me away on which use case
I can use to answer that question.
The Court of Tanzania for real they are using AI is among very few institutions in the continent that is using computer science, but I can explain their journey until they reach the level that they are they the process started some years ago, he starts two years ago what is more than 10 years ago, I was involved into the remember I explained that for us to be able to enjoy AI and all those emerging technologies or different information you need to pass through two levels of you need to to do the first
process which is called digitization. Very well and digitalization is defined
from with, you find that a country has a lot of systems. You go to level number two is digitalization is now those systems, they need to talk to each other. And then the users of those systems are supposed to have the two identities. Now. Once you do that very well, that's a process that deals with interoperability systems and other things, then you can start to enjoy the AI and all other emerging technologies. So the court of Tanzania, the digital digitization, labor number one digitization, some years ago, all the court cases were digitized in a digital form, they created a system, then all entities that are involved into into the function of the courts. Now
in the the start to use AI found that they're using AI why the three components that I've been talking about, they have computing infrastructure, they have the data,
and they're using the algorithms. And surely, that is a journey that any other institution need to undergo. Now, if you want to transform the whole country, then you need to know that part of the system that you have created and I know many countries in Africa they have done digitization very well their system, those systems, they need to talk they need to be able to call to exchange data. Now that process is not an easy process. It's a bit complicated, because when you start to make systems to talk to each other, and if you find that a lot of redundancies into systems, there are some systems go subsystems they'll remain and then the issue of digital
discussion of itself because having digital ID we all understand is crucial. Because if a country say has 1000 systems
of government which are offering services to people, if you don't offer one digital ID number it means I am interacting let's say with 200 systems. So I will have to wonder the ID numbers which defines me. If you put AI on top of it, you will confuse everything
you start to sit through
Many data to identify me,
which is which is great, which is very difficult to say the choice. So that that is that is a past that the court of Tanzania went through. I'm not saying that we have already digitalize everything in Tanzania. But in that subset, they've done a good job. Thank you so much
of the many casing points that we want Africa to have. And I'm sure the
audience is really intrigued by that use case. So I'll go to the next question will be directed to Dr. Lucy Madani, what are the ethical guidelines that government should develop, that they can ensure AI is well used in governance, so just so you can respond? Thank you.
Thank you very much. And I'm very impressed by the my co panelist and I will
add a sip of repeating one thing that Dr.
Tom Wasaga has said is that there
has to be trust, because when we talk about artificial intelligence, we are feeding these particular systems information, we are going to identify patterns. And now for us to get these patterns, we need to have data. Now, in Kenya, we have had several exercises, where data has been taken up now, when people will say when registering for who Duma numbers, and, and some people even protest them, because they did not trust governance, or they did not trust how their data is going to be handled by the government. So when it comes to AI, it brings now the fact that we are trying to have systems working systems connecting, we want to have like know, for instance, we have a citizen in Kenya, where most services government services are there. So when we have to, when systems are working, a lot of informations changed, a lot of information is passed from one entity to another. And we are worried what what is going to happen to this data, but we need the data to train the models. So we look at ethical guidelines, the government, the government meddling, or even for the sake of even now, even if it's corporate governance, and we're looking at working now to get as institutions academic institutions, research institutions, as we tried to send this as you try to develop this particular space is that and it has to be very, very, very clear that transparency is there.
If so, when you are creating these special will, I'm talking about transparency, how are these algorithms created? What kind of data is
used? What are they going to use this data for? Yeah, so that is one very important thing that we need to explain how we are creating these algorithms, what kind of data we are feeding it, and so forth. Secondly, we need to have accountability, like there has to be accountability between or among the people, the players in the oral part in the systems as the systems are talking to each other. I like that was nectary Thank you, when the systems are talking to each other, there has to be an accompanying question, when there is no digital identity or something is missing? Why is the glitch taking place? Who is responsible for that? You know, so if we want to start structures, or we want to use AI for to solve Africa's some of African problems, for example, let's agriculture, we have to look at like better we are looking at rain data we are looking at, we're looking at soil pH data, you know, there'll be all these kinds of beautiful, beautiful data sets. Now, the question is, when there is a problem in the systems when the systems are communicating to each other, and there happens to be a glitch is accountable for that? Where did the error happen? What so as we're talking about governance, we have to ask what happens what are the repercussions for instance of feeding the algorithm wrong data, some people can happen that someone actually maliciously does feed the the algorithms
the wrong data. So we have to be there has to be
you have to come up with the what are the repercussions of the same and then
for it to, for us to have
an ethical what there has to be fairness like now for instance, we can't when you're dealing with again, we have this story for looking at each other like we feel bigger like I work for struggling University in Kenya. And if we have to come up with a with a group of researchers in this area and we get an advantage hands from seems that restrict more. And then we get some mathematicians from in Barcelona, Nairobi and, and we are working together? No, none of the institutions should start filling they're bigger than the other. No, we have to treat each other with respect. Because there's a reason why this team has come together to try and solve a problem. So when when we even treated now, countries, different countries, we're working with different countries, it's Africa cannot start feeling like they are superior to West Africans and so forth. Yeah. So there has to be mutual respect for this to work. Only so much, I can talk about it. But the other thing is, we have to
look at social impact to come up with structures. So what
what are these? What is? What exactly do we plan to do with artificial intelligence? Who is it going to affect? How are we going to ensure that there is inclusivity even of the people who are rippled differently?
So we
we have so many things coming up that are exciting. We are talking about we need Internet, we need infrastructure, we need computers, we need everything. But what about that person who don't who can't see? Yeah, like the people who are unable to see, or someone who is illiterate, for example. So the question is, how do we ensure that as we make sure as we are using AI, to for governance, and as we're making using AI for many other things, can we also try to develop tools that will also have power and positively but differently from us. And
we just make things or tools for people who are living in the urban areas, because that's where most Internet is concentrated, then
with a child in the rural area, who is not able to accept to access this particular services, or this training or this education. So it is also imperative as we the researchers and educators, especially at high levels, at university levels, we need to go down, also called the 100 high schools, hold the hand of primary schools, and try as much as possible to reach out and assist as many kids as possible to onboarding on to this, like now, as Dr. Watson has talked about enablers like we will need people to have particular skills, are the skills go into access, every African will make it possible, can we embed it into our curriculum for examples.
And so when we,
for us, for me also, as a as a as our social, sorry, as an ethical framework, I would also like to look at security is there we need to consider security, we need to secure the security of these particular systems and be secure and cyber security comes into place. We have to look at is it human centered? No, because we can't, can't just go haywire with technology we can at it, how does it affect the human being? How does it affect the human soul? You know? And will we we use this particular technology that will affect the human being at the core? What kind of things do we want that the African to learn from these tools? What kind of person who they become they addictive? What makes social media addictive? You know? So those are things that we can consider and many more but yes. What I can share with right now, but I'm very passionate about this space. Thank you.
I'm very moved by
the way you have put it
I totally agree with you.
There's a one experience that I had with a country that is called Estonia. They have a specific deadline they put forward for all they call them data processors, people who are owning data of other people, they posted them in one way or another. Remember the the example that I've saved when you do when you accomplish digitization process and find that the country has a lot of systems can have even some country they have to sell them governmental systems threesome. So, to answer the issue that we have raised, which is very which say a citizen of of Estonia
is supposed to
register himself only once.
Only once. So if there's egregious if you find
that your data has been maybe sold somewhere else, you will like that Pretty where the data came from.
Now current situation I'll talk about, but I think it's the same situation many countries you find,
register your data
into 50 systems.
Now, if a breach happened to become really difficult to know exactly where it came from, and that's the reason why they say it is very important for system to be able to talk to each other. Because once they start to talk to each other,
it will be possible for you to say, this initial registration into let's say, in a passport system, that other system interacting with your data from the passport system, if they agreed there, you might
think, also the continents can follow that.
That model, it works in that way. But there's another thing that
I wanted to also explain. When we, when we move to AI economy, the way most of the countries after they're going down into balance between two things. One, we need to balance between regulation and innovation. Because if we over regulate,
it's going to kill innovation. Yeah, and if we leave people to innovate without regulation, that mess up with their data and other things. So I think we need to strike a balance, how to strike it.
It's up to the technical people to do that.
Thank you very much.
Thank you so much, Dr. Lucy and Dr. Wasaga. Now,
I think there is something which has come up, which is one
how to prevent system two, from hurting or from injury. That is one of the things that comes also with ethical considerations. Or do you? Do we also train our models to be critical, centered? Like should we train them in order so that they can identify issues do with casualty training, in the language more in language modeling, and also machine learning? Because, as in recent past, we have seen also equipment mostly in robotics, engineering, personnels. And the know, who is also accountable for that? Because this is a robotic system was accountable? Is it the person that's trained them algorithm? Or is it the person that handles the updates? So I think it's a gray area, and we can leave this conversation to a more centered towards accountability, and also, who should be put accountable? And so
as to Chris,
and I'll be asking, Can transparency in a decision making process in government be insured? So we are talking about governance, but also let us also be open? Not only governance, but all AI systems? Okay, thank you.
And it's already moving on.
Conversation, I'm getting returned. So excited.
I don't know exactly what's being done in my country, Ethiopia, but I forgot there is a lot of AI movement, but overall the iPad and also what's been going on since working for international organizations, and I'm very happy that we are having these discussions. Not only because we're discussing it now, but it's also what I'm witnessing all over the world, like I can see, like in practice. Sessions are a little bit advanced on technology, you
can see these kinds of discussions been going on everywhere.
So I think when I'm hearing now about digital ID and everything, first of all, as every thing technically has its own advantages and disadvantages that are completely unavoidable advantage that like mesmerizing advantages, but at the same time, it has extremely an avoid a very disadvantageous, so we're choosing which one is best because that's how I see. So like hearing you as they use index number for every human being. We have a specific number we call it social security. So your social security number will track you wherever you go, whatever you do. So it has a lot of advantage. Life is quite simple. Wherever you go, you know who you are. You're all your information will come up at the same time.
Your data who you are is being called entourage.
So that aspect of it said, so when specifically coming to how can government is or anyone who's working on different large language models can make it a really trustworthy system. Number one will be making sure that clarifying how the algorithms have been trained. The major issue we have is data. Do we have secure quality data? How's that ties collected, collected by whom, because it's also open for beers, beers is the major issues that we are facing everywhere when it comes to AI. So the large language models can provide a BLS data based on the quality of data that have been fed. So that is something also, we needed to work on that. We can't feed the right data, and also ethical standards of the person who's working on the system really matters. Like when we're talking about digital ethics, first, I think outside of the digital ethics and really matters. So some of the things that our government is need to make sure that transparency on how algorithms are being created, trained by what type of data. And the second thing is the source of the data, as this data came from really a trusted source, or does the data came from an untrusted source. We all know that data coming from different people that really matter. So I think on this case, our research institutions will play a crucial role universities and research centers are expected to be I guess, neutral, and they'll provide really a better data source. And using this set of the people were really working on it, and also really understanding what it's going to bring into the table will be something in addition to that decision criteria impact assessment. So how the data has came through in place, how's the algorithms have been trained, and then how that quality data has been used needs to be assessed. So putting in place criterias on how that data has been assessed, how large language model and what kind of information is providing is being accessed is needs is something a control system that will develop a trustworthiness in the system plus stakeholders engagement and how we conclude on it will be admittedly the crucial factor are we really involving the right personnel, the right institutions, into the system, like if we are developing while being released financial people are working on legal system if you are not involving the legal people and making sure that they're part of it from the beginning. Like listen by the idea, listen be the source of the data those who are producing the data those who knows the issue from the beginning be part of the stakeholder, think of self govern mentors and do that then the trust holds the models a very good chance of producing trustworthy model will be saved. So that it can be used later on otherwise what has been developed will not be accessible, even if it has been done in a very good way. So, I believe that having those criterias training the model making sure that algorithms are clear how they are trained, making sure that the right data source and quality of data is issued and making it transparent through the process involving the right stakeholders through that process will help us to make sure that we have
a trustworthy AI.
Thank you. So much for that
I believe,
quality you know, when we started I think most
of us here take his when we started the on the edge there was a thing which was called garbage in garbage out. It's totally applicable in all systems. And so if the information we are capturing or if quality of data that is being used in the LLM is not African base is does not speak purely of African comp, and cannot be used to make African decisions. And so, I believe also is Dr. Moore saga and also Dr. Lucy has have mentioned, we need also to create a way of hosting our own data, decentralizing our own data so that we can that speak for us and also system that make decisions based on our own story. So thank you so much mistake us for that. I welcome Dr. Jameson, one of our stakeholders Fichter, to speak a bit about the topic and also give his contributions to caribou. Thank you very much, Deputy Chair. And thank you,
the speakers
a great intervention. So from the beginning to this moment, I just want to chip in that the topic is a very serious topic, it has drawn the attention of wall leaders at the United Nations. The issue of ethics, equal accountability, those are very, very important issues, just for the fact that technology must be accounted for it must be accountable to us, you must be able to have that kill button, life is going out of hand. So it is wise that the United Nation on March 11, this year passed a resolution solution on the use of AI for the trustworthy AI, the AI that is encouraging companies organization to use AI to build trust and to achieve the sustainable development goals. So you know, there are some 18 development goals that the UN articulated 2015. And this AI can actually assists and all the speakers spoken very well. Dr. Wasaga took about from digitisation to digitalization digital transformation, and then AI usage. So it's all about data and quality data. Now, in terms of
this solicitation AI really helped Barbies to cause the particular Africa to bridge
the digital divide. Okay, we have to note that the data we put out there is not 100% secure, was deep try our best basically. And we commend what we did on it Tanzania, even in Kenya, and also in Nigeria, we have a data protection, organization, data protection owners and controller given responsibility intermediaries to they have to be concerned about what allowed to pass through their network. So there has to be some form of responsibility intermediaries as well. And by those in charge of data. So the quick intervention just to say that this is the way to go, AI is for good. We must train it with our own data to be trustworthy for our own good. And that is only to support as many the need to
create this system for
our use. Nowadays, this funding universal service provision fund government to use it pretty well to create access to the undersell, okay, can bring in the people in the remote areas as well, so no one wants to be left behind. And I believe we're already on costs, the Nigerian government announced that the training of 3 million youths to technical skill matricula reference to AI, so I think we can bridge the gap. Then lastly, lastly, the need for cybersecurity maturity. When you take our cybersecurity maturity very seriously. Research by the unica recently indicated that a 10% increase in our cybersecurity maturity, you will between 0.6% and a 5.4% increase in GDP. If we take our security seriously, take our data protection regime seriously. And if we bring in our people they want to use in AI. So AI is good. We should embrace it. So thank you so much Tejas for your beautiful presentation. I appreciate it. Lucy. That was elimination by teacher. Thank you so much, to chair who back to you. Thank you so much, Dr. Jameson, for that
I tend to believe that we are in the presence of great people and great minds and to be open to hearing all the conversation. And I think one of the things that we should be thinking about right now is how are we going to use this kind And of use cases and these kinds of conversation, to enable our governments and also for institution and countries to foster AI in governance, digital of policies around that. So we will drive down to the Q and A's and go directly to one of the equation from Musa which is how can AI? Okay, I believe you meant how will AI ensure continued revolution, the egovernance and digital transformation in Africa? And I think I'll share this to to Lucy. How can AI ensure that there is a continued evolution of governance and digital transformation in Africa?
Question
How can AI ensure that there is a continued visualization of
egovernance and digital transformation in Africa?
You see that the good thing grows, yeah,
the more information you give it, the more it grows. So when you're looking at
when we're looking at egovernance, for example, like that is we are saying that this is information that is available or accessible or virtually, yes. Now, the thing is, I'm going to use the Kenyans. As example. Like, we love talking, we love we love, we are very vocal about anything that does not sit well with us. So when you're looking at if we were to look at if we were to collect for sentimental for sentiment analysis. So because we can be able to analyze people's feelings about a particular issue, using social media, hashtags, or trends, and so forth. So if something is happening, like and the governor, we feel like the systems are not communicating properly, or we're not being listened to, and there is an issue of governance, people would write about it. So, the more this particular algo is fed information, the more now even the the so this information will be we want to we want better governance we want there is a glitch somewhere it needs to be sorted. So when it is fed that that information, new information, then it grows, it learns from it. It's just like, as we said, as we're beginning that artificial intelligence is simply teaching a machine or an application to behave human like. So even us when we make mistakes, learn from it next time, you're not going to touch that hot pan. So I believe that when we have artificial intelligence, it will be even actually easier to fast track or struck issues we have with any part of governance, whether it is corporate or national, or Continental. Thank you.
Thank you so much, Doctor.
It's the question has been dealt with well, so I'll go to the next question. And
the question is, wait, how can Africa government continue to invest and support the education programs for AI and other digital transformation and technology skills to young people in Africa? So this one, I'll direct this to Dr. Khan, where
can you say the question
I didn't get it very well.
Okay, Repeat How can Africa
government ensure that continue
to invest and support education programs for AI and other digital transformation technology skills to young people? Ah, that's a very good question. And it falls.
Like I said before, that if you want to conquer AI, so that we can use to our advantage, digital skills.
And now I will, because my background is from academia. And this is the area where I worked for 17 years. Ai needed need an investment from primary school. I don't know about the education system in many other countries, but of course, we have a foundational for international primary schools in primary schools. For they're supposed to interact with technology.
One subject that we need to invest very, very much to invest into mathematics
was AI. If if you take aside data,
and the computation, which basically, if you have money, you can buy infrastructure of computation.
You didn't need a foundation in mathematics. So we need to invest
into that. So that our kids, we having capability
of thinking outside the box, be able to create algorithms, because we all understand technically algorithms, the boiling down to mathematics, the use of logics and things like that. Now going to secondary school.
Basically, we're supposed to start to give access to students so that they can start to use models, not to design models, because designing needs additional knowledge, let's say your
plumber level degree level. But to start to use models, when they start to enter into a level or university, we have to ensure that we, we teach them on how to create train models. Now, like the way I said before, and the way my colleagues have articulated very well, is if we want to reduce by assets. To the AI world, we need to have
our large language models our own, the way they think,
like the way we think about Africa. So I'll give one example of one case that I have experienced to two months ago in Tanzania, there's a gentleman. He's a very good expert in AI living in the United States, but he's not he's from Nigeria. I'm here with a very good Gordo that he is trained very well in the area of clinical medicine, especially in cancer research. But when I start to discuss with him when I was asking him that, okay, so which model you're using, and he said that I trade data, from number of countries that he mentioned, he didn't train data for Tanzania. So I asked him and Tanzania, we speak Swahili,
we have our language. And language, also determine on how
someone think, now someone reasons we speak so so do
your model, understanding Swahili or doesn't understand the say, I have to admit to you that that's an area where we need
to invest. And he gave me plenty, we say that it is model reasons. If you if you write, I have a headache, and temperature is high. And I vomits model, say you have cancer in my country that can be malaria.
So it's very important for us to create our own large language models possible in all languages
that are spoken in Africa. If possible, we can start with the languages. We create them in that way. Now, the question is very important, because for us to be able to do that, it depends on the quality of education that we provide to our kids. All the students that are in the education system around Africa, because I can tell you one thing, no one will tell us, we need to create
our own, so
that we'll be able to put our context in the digital world that we have,
the way things are now in order to repeat this point. Many of our data, they're creating AI apps
that enable that up to work most of them they are created outside the continent. And that has to change. Thank you.
Thank you so much for that, I believe the question is extensively answered
and totally
satisfactory answer. So I on top of that, I want us to I want you to also answer this equation which is in line with data. So can you lack of this is from ISOC live we also in ISOC live so can also lack of connectivity leads to data deserts, which in turn feeds AI by doctors, they have spoken about the connectivity and how that will enable the transformation. So would you also ask this question? Yeah, that's very correct. And that's a very pertinent question. There is a one time I was involved into the
development of guideline
digital transformation guideline often The NEA. And when we were looking at the indicator necessarily indicators for digital transformation, I first started to look at the Global Practice, and everywhere I was looking at was one indicator which is called latency. That time, let's try to ask ourselves a lot has to do with digital transformation.
The issue is the quality of
infrastructure
data mined the progress that you have in ai, ai workflow, or AI epic. The network infrastructure that has very low delay, we have the infrastructure that
delay
will not be able to enjoy because AI has one characteristics, it has a tendency of getting data from different sources,
and put them together and analyze them on fly. Now,
it is important for us to build robust infrastructure, not saying that we are not supposed to do it, but we are supposed to do and if possible to
create very robust infrastructure that will enable us for AI to workflow to run very well. So one takeaway that I want is that we are here in this in this forum to sustain is we need now to start to look at that indicator, which is called lattice is very important. And it's very important for AI. Having network that they have your latency, it will give us
infrastructure which are outside the continent, because AI need a shorter time to do analysis
to get the insight and so that we can make decisions much much quicker out of that will continue to use AI the way we are using now. Because anytime we use chat, DBT and other application of that sorts, the infrastructure that we use, they want that they don't want to thank you. Thank you so much. I'll go to the next
question. And also, as we are going through the
q&a, there is a pop
up that will come from Secretariat, you can answer the survey questions. So this topic and what your opinions are of that. So I'll go to the next question. I think this one is already answered to what gaps that mathematics can and AI can assist in developing countries. So the next one will on a message and what agencies are saddled with the monitoring the AI? I think this one will go to Dr. Lucy?
any of the panelists who is able to answer that.
Dr. Lucy,
are you aware of agencies that designing or developing
monitoring AI systems in Africa? In the in the world?
No, I haven't
delved deeper
than that. To that extent, but probably can ask her.
To guest maybe she can assist mistake is. Okay, can
I have another session? That's okay.
Now, to my understanding, you know, I know that different
organizations that have been working with are working on different capacities. But I think also when you look at it, the governance, what is needed, I think every country should own it. In my perspective, every country should own it. We are those who know our data when we were the ones who should have access to the like earlier, I helped I think it is from one of our panelists about owning our data and keeping it into our infrastructure. Well, that's very questionable stuff. Because since we're on the cloud area, and then at least we have our own cloud, putting it on the cloud, but we have we can I think control it is true and put. In addition, having our own expertise, I think
it is time for us to get involved with and
To really close, not close, at least, but at least really to narrow down the gaps is a bigger opportunity for us, because
it's even for every other country in the world. So I'm really looking forward to it when it comes to regulations, we are expected, I think, in my personal opinion. So I believe like the bigger guide, like you ain't, or the Bank and IMF will come up with their own, but that's a different perspective. But I would believe that every country should have its own. And even when it's provided to us to accept even something we should know what we are signing up for. So I believe that it should be within every other country. Thank you and I. Okay, thank you so much, I believe.
Nation un is also a very big step towards relating of AI and developing
policies with the Secretary General and work technology, mostly focused around AI. And so I think they're still in the preliminary phases of negotiation, and adoption and creation of these policies. can say, as of now, we really don't have a regulatory or a person that looks after. And so yeah, so need for these conversations. And what's happened to the to the task force that was being led by pretending to be tanker?
was on blockchain?
Yes, it was for blockchain and AI, but I did not, to what extent money to know,
I'm just asking my tuner to what extent they adopted the blockchain. Not really informed on that aspect. But I think
if they were really
making progress, or if they are progress, maybe it's still on negotiation tables. And so nothing has really come out to for adoption, and also for stakeholders to be involved in contributing. So we can say there is nothing really as a mount from that conversation. But it's good to have remembered so much. I'll go to the next question. This one is actually directed to Dr. Koon, DWeb. from Georgia. What are the some of the most popular use case of AI in crime control traffic control in Tanzania, because they seem to have the most orderly society.
Thank you very much.
I don't have a use case.
Because of the following thing, I'll try to explain it
a bit in technical way so that we understand maybe we'll hear that people are mentioning emerging technologies, there are a number of technologies that
they do mention that one
is Internet of Things, to be able to control the traffic
you need to invest sensors, that they can take
giving you data on fly, that the algorithms can be able to sift through data. How to control
things in that way that we are still working on that.
I cannot say that already that reach,
we don't we all understand. From technical point of view is a complex challenge. Even in developed world where we have cities which have advanced, they still have issues on our
control, because
pattern of movement of people is one of the complaints.
I know AI can help in some way.
But the whole planning of the things or the the CTO, things like that need to design in such a way that the consideration, there's an AI that will come in are we going to be able to make a decision but the way things are, for example, give example of the city where I'm living now. This was I think it's almost 100 years since it was created so many years ago there was no even thinking that there will be a one So AI in the city. Now, even if we get
the way architecture of the city was done, cannot be optimized in such a way that things are going to flow very well.
What I understand, from a technical point of view, smart cities of today cities, which are designed from the scratch now, based on the smart city, not going to have problems with like the city that we have, we have our contents, which were created time that way I was not in there. So AI can can you help things in certain respects?
There will be a challenge
that, again, I'll go back to the issue of the bias of the landlord, landlord, large language model that can that can be used in
such a challenge. If you use a less good model of, say, very developing countries, so the issue of our continent to have some classes
the only thing that we are supposed to do is to create our own
land land models from scratch,
based on the challenge that we have, be able to scale them to ensure that we have solution for the thing that we need to understand. And I wanted to add from the Michael Lee, who spots before this, because in Africa, we have 54 countries, right?
But when it comes to data, when we start to define country based on capability to to
produce data per day, surely, Nigeria will be number one.
Because data on duration depends on number of devices
in the country. So if we if we have a strategy, where we do look at individual countries, that is 54 countries, we are not going to benefit from the continental framework, or
guideline where we can share our data for the great
benefit of the continents. Because we do have countries in Africa, that they have population, say of 3 million people, one to
4 million people and some other five and other countries, they have 180, and things like that need to have a common data framework agreement where we can share our data together for the common cause of the constant.
Those three aspects that have explained them very clearly is if a country has money can buy infrastructure, that's not a bigger problem.
If a country has money could buy even the best or even solar language. But if a country has a population of say, 2 million people who never have enough to be able to train, they're going to have some challenges on tax. So I think we need to agree on how we are going to do that.
So that we can benefit from Ai economy that is the Thank you.
It sounds so
good. Okay. So please save the we signed up.
Okay. Very interesting. Feedback, their responses, I just want to provide his quick information.
The Lagos state government already uses some measure of AI to control traffic, or Lagos state economy is the fifth largest economy in Africa. So traffic of offenders now are easily apprehended based on cameras and your chart of fees. So is this going to grow? As you talk about Dr. Wasaga, don't also know that there is this data policy framework by the African Union to google it controversial retreat. Data sharing Valley when we look at the African continental free trade zone that we are going to be operating while they are operating in. And we need to exchange our data to we need to govern our data locally. Because look, AI is just about data. So I'll be saying and our data and algorithms, so and we need to share this data together. Thank you so much. But to you, Deputy Chair. Okay, thank you so much for that sleeve.
Dr. Jameson. Thank you so much. Mr. Chris.
Thank you so much, Dr. Lucy and Dr. Wasaga for Pressing the occasion. And I also for all the participants, I also want to commend you for so giving us your time you sharing your knowledge, and just the overall awesome in this conversation. I welcome
to close, and also give were closing remarks to
end this conference.
Thank you so much. Thank you so much, Dr. Rachel. And everyone, I want to say a big thank you to you all on behalf of Victor.
Interestingly, I wish this conversation will continue because it has been so enriching and so insightful. I want to believe that every participant here has taken away something. Let me say this, actually, once again, on behalf of the Chair of Africa, banker, the speaker's Tejas, Dr. Lucy, and Dr. masanga. Oh, you're
contributed
reaching contribution
on interventions
concerning all of AI in governance and
digital transformation. I want to thank every participant because I, it has been reading through the question and answers the charts. And it has been really engaging, I thank you all for your engagement on behalf of our theta. Well, I believe that this forum has provided
insightful touch points and invaluable contributions towards a nursing the potential
for AI in achieving inclusive governance and driving digital transformation. So as we conclude the event, I want us to remember that possible deployment or and ethical use of AI will be key in shape a better future for our societies. knowledge sharing, and to collectively navigate
the opportunities, challenges that lie ahead.
Also want to recognize the M, I'm president of the immediate past chair of data. In a past version, Ronnie,
good to have you both here doing that
we have your support is great.
Also use this opportunity to thank and acknowledge the presence of Dr. Jimson Olivier. That's the founder of Arpita. And the first chair, and also the chair of the advisory board. For
Africa, we thank you very much for your continuous engagement and for your continuous push.
We thank you for being on this call. The collaborations will continue
beyond this conference.
Victor does have quarterly conferences and this is one of them. This is our first for the year. So you should do as our participants, so we thank you for your participation once again. And we believe that your participation in our future conferences will be deeply appreciated. Want you to seize the opportunity to become part of the Africa ICT Alliance. I believe the Secretariat has been sharing the links for you to be part of this great journey. And we look forward to a fruitful
and continuous engagement as continuing the development of
drones formation in the African continent. Want us to deliver the
promise of the digital age and this discussion today as
is one of the key pillars towards achieving this goal. And in in our subsequent conferences we hope to also continue to build on this and as we welcome you all to Be part of this wonderful and inspiring alliance that will bring about digital transformation in on the African continent as a whole. So once again, we thank you for your participation the secretariat will be given room for
a group picture so that we can have memories for this wonderful and enriching
jaw for your
vice chair for East Africa and the Deputy Chair for the Africa ICT islands on behalf of our
Fichter once again, I say thank you to all especially the speakers for your enriching contributions. Thank you do have a yield. All right.
I want to use this moment to also thank everyone once again,
we're gradually winding up for events and realize the last time I checked on the agenda we'll be forced to take photographs as for the panelist so please, you're free to hone your camera now. So that we can have memory of this event just as Neisseria rightly said thank you so much
so I'll be coming down sorry. comes three down
so we have you please be sure that you smile.
Right. Kane, Jolly Mr. Jolly of the ISOC
connection. Thank you, Julie. Yeah,
we see your video as well. Thank you so much. Also,
I need to say on this journey as well so for reaching out to me
did you leave your video
no calm. So
alright, that's it. Thank you so much for coming down.
Some three and zero of the teachers at least it's you're smiling
and then zero. I've taken more than thank you so much, everyone. We appreciate you.
So for the recipients the expectant
will be sharing materials from this event with you. Have you all before to other events that will be coming from
a filter. Thank you. Thank you, everyone.
Thank you, everyone. Thank you so much.
You're very much. Yes. Thank you look to Sega. Great innovations. Just really brilliant.
Thank you. Michelle.
That was great. Thank you. Madam areola. Vice Chair for West Africa. When is West Africa and having the shoe
Okay, okay, great.
I think the recording Are we still recording? Recording stopped