Causal connectives constructicon

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K
1	Connective pattern (verbs given in present tense and nouns/adjectives given as copulas for readability)	Variants (not including passives, infinitives, or nominalizations of verbs)	WordNet senses included (for verbs)	Type	Words to annotate as connective ([ ] = may not be present)	Degree	Notable restrictions on type	Possible overlapping categories	Comments	Example(s)	Number of distinct construction variants

2	<cause> where <effect>	Where <cause>, <effect>		Conjunction (subordinating)	where	Facilitate		Context	Should not be annotated when it refers to physical location. It should only be annotated when it is a metaphorical "where" referring to circumstance – i.e., where it could just as easily have been "when." Don't annotate when it can be replaced with "in which" (e.g., "a meeting where 10 people showed up").	Where regulators cozy up with CEOs, corruption abounds.
3	<effect> amid <cause>	<effect> amidst <cause> amid <cause>, <effect> amist <cause>, <effect>		Prepositional	amid	Facilitate		Context	In the more abstract sense of "in the context of," not "surrounded by" in a physical sense.	Banks and stores closed yesterday amid growing fears of violence.	1
4	With <cause>, <effect>	<effect>, with <cause>		Prepositional	with	Facilitate	Motivation, Consequence	Context	Should not be annotated when used in a possessive or accompaniment sense (e.g., "With thousands of unique species, the island is an evolutionary biologist's dream.").	With supplies running low, we didn't even make a fire that night.
5	Without <cause>, <effect>			Prepositional	without	Inhibit	Not purpose	Context	With the meaning "in the absence of."	Without better regulation, the same problem will recur.
6	Having <cause>, <effect>			Verbal	having	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Context		Having looked at the older document, the faculty believed that a middle ground might be appropriate.
7	the <more cause>, the <more effect>	the <comparative cause>, the <comparative effect>		Complex	the, the	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Correlation	Annotate even though we don't capture the need for a requirement.	The more the wave rose, the faster we ran.
8	<effect> every time <cause>	every time <cause>, <effect>		Prepositional	every, time	Facilitate		Correlation		Every time I see that image, I cringe.
9	whenever <cause>, <effect>	<cause> whenever <effect>		Prepositional	whenever	Facilitate		Correlation		Whenever I smile at my son, he always smiles back.
10	Anytime <cause>, <effect>	Any time <cause>, <effect>		Prepositional	[any], [time], [anytime]	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Correlation			1
11	<effect>, as <cause>	As <cause>, <effect>		Conjunction (subordinating)	as	Facilitate		Correlation, Temporal	Should not be annotated at all when used to mean "like."	As science has yet to prove or disprove the existence of a divine power, and probably never will, I will use my gift of reason. As the power increased, the rotor spun faster.
12	<effect> arises from <cause>		arise.verb.04	Verbal	arise, [from]	Facilitate	Consequence	Creation/termination		A slight unpleasantness arose from this discussion.
13	<cause> brings on <effect>		bring.verb.03	Verbal	bring, on	Facilitate	Consequence	Creation/termination		Eating ice cream too fast can bring on a headache.
14	<cause> creates <effect>		make.verb.03 create.verb.02	Verbal	create	Facilitate	Consequence	Creation/termination	Only causal when used in the sense of inducing, not in the sense of manufacturing or yielding something ("John created/produced a snowman out of cotton balls"). When annotating creation/termination "create"s, a general guideline is that bringing things into existence should be annotated but manufacturing/churning out a thing should not. Difficult or ambiguous cases should be discussed.	The immediate crisis created by the run on Bear Stearns has passed.	1
15	<cause> produces <effect>		produce.verb.03	Verbal	create	Facilitate	Consequence	Creation/termination	Only causal when used in the sense of causing, not in the sense of manufacturing or yielding something ("John created/produced a snowman out of cotton balls").	No conventional drugs had produced any significant change.
16	<cause> engenders <effect>		engender.verb.01	Verbal	engender	Facilitate		Creation/termination		Regulatory competation can engender a race to the bottom.
17	<cause> generates <effect>		generate.verb.01	Verbal	generate	Facilitate		Creation/termination	Only causal in the sense of causing, not in the sense of manufacturing or yielding something ("The new manager generated a lot of problems," not "The computer generated this image"). WordNet does not appear to capture this distinction.	These harsh enforcement provisions will undoubtedly generate abuses and mistreatment.
18	<cause> gives rise to <effect>		produce.verb.03	Verbal	give, rise, to	Facilitate	Consequence	Creation/termination		Their decisions gave rise to subsequent arguments.
19	<cause> incites <effect>	<cause> incites <effect> to <effect>	motivate.verb.01 incite.verb.02	Verbal	incite	Facilitate	Motivation	Creation/termination		The news incited widespread fear and paranoia.	1
20	<cause> launches <effect>		launch.verb.05	Verbal	launch	Facilitate		Creation/termination	In the sense of setting an event in motion.	The scandal launched a massive rebellion.
21	<cause> sets off <effect>		set off.verb.01 set off.verb.07	Verbal	set, off	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Creation/termination	Should be carefully examined to make sure it's not one of the many other senses of "set off."	The attack set off great unrest among the people.
22	<effect> stems from <cause>		stem.verb.01	Verbal	stem, from	Facilitate	Consequence	Creation/termination		Many of the universities' problems stem from rapid expansion.
23	<cause> triggers <effect>		trip.verb.04	Verbal	trigger	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Creation/termination	Only in the sense of initiating or precipitating.	Their small protest triggered a mass demonstration.
24	<cause> sparks <effect>		spark.verb.01	Verbal	spark	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Creation/termination		Unrest in the Middle East sparked a global oil shock.
25	<cause> precipitates <effect>		precipitate.verb.01	Verbal	precipitate	Facilitate		Creation/termination		Every shudder had precipitated a dusting of granules onto the floor.
26	<cause> eliminates <effect>		eliminate.verb.01	Verbal	eliminate	Inhibit	Consequence	Creation/termination	Only causal when forward-looking (eliminating some future eventuality).	We must eliminate future bank runs.
27	<cause> if <effect> is to <effect>	If <effect> is to <effect>, <cause>		Complex	if, be, to	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Hypothetical	The cause must be a clause whose modality includes some form of obligation ("must," "is required," etc.).	We'll need a collaborative effort if we are to have a successful outcome.
28	If <cause>, <effect>	<effect> if <cause> if <cause>, then <effect>		Conjunction (subordinating)	if, [then]	Facilitate		Hypothetical	"If/then" constructions should only be marked as causal if the intention is that the "if" leads directly to the "then." They should not be marked when used to assert only what would be true in a hypothetical world (e.g., "if I had been asked, I would have said no"). See the annotation guide for some recommendations for making this judgment. "Even if" generally falls into the hypothetical category and should not be annotated.	If I don't get an A on the final, I can't pass the course.	1
29	should <cause>, <effect>	<effect> should <cause>		Conjunction (subordinating)	should	Facilitate		Hypothetical	Only if the sense of "if <cause> should <cause>, <effect>"	Should you wish to cancel your order, please contact our customer service department.
30	<Had cause>, <effect>	<effect> <had cause>		Verbal	had	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Hypothetical	Only in the sense of "if X had done Y."	Had I known, I'd have come with you.
31	<cause> allows <effect>	<cause> allow <effect> to <effect>	let.verb.01	Verbal	allow, [to]	Facilitate		Obligation/permission		Plastics have allowed an enormous range of new inventions.	1
32	<cause> compels <effect> to <effect>	<cause> compels <effect>	compel.verb.01 compel.verb.02	Verbal	compel, [to]	Facilitate	Motivation	Obligation/permission		The news compelled him to act.
33	<cause> forces <effect>	<cause> forces <effect> to <effect> <cause> forces <effect> into <effect>	coerce.verb.01 impel.verb.01 force.verb.04	Verbal	force, [to], [into]	Facilitate		Obligation/permission	Often appears in the passive. ("Force into" should be included here, not as an instance of the "into" construction.)	Senator Brownback forces there to be a contradiction between faith and reason.	2
34	<cause> lets <effect> <effect>		let.verb.01 let.verb.02 permit.verb.01	Verbal	let	Facilitate		Obligation/permission	Should not be annotated when used as a formality or mark of respect ("Let me just say...") or an invitation ("let's get out of here").	I let the creature climb up my shirt.
35	<cause> makes <effect> <effect>	<cause> makes <it effect to effect> <cause> makes <it effect for effect to effect> <cause> makes <it effect that effect>	make.verb.02 induce.verb.02 make.verb.08	Verbal	make	Facilitate		Obligation/permission	Should only be annotated if "make" is not part of a more specific causal construction. If there are two fragments of the effect, they should be annotated as separate fragments even if they appear consecutively. The "for" or "to" should also be included in the argument. Should not be annotated when used as in "make X out of Y."	This bill seeks to make regulation more efficient.	3
36	<cause> obliges <effect> to <effect>			Verbal	oblige	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Obligation/permission		Her financial problems obliged her to get another job.
37	<cause> permits <effect>	<cause> permits <effect> to <effect>	permit.verb.01	Verbal	permit	Facilitate		Obligation/permission		The unusually calm winds permitted a much more gentle sailing style.	1
38	<cause> requires <effect>	<cause> requires <effect> to <effect>	necessitate.verb.01	Verbal	require, [to]	Facilitate	Consequence	Obligation/permission	In the sense of "mandates." Note that in this use of "require," it is not that the object enables the subject, but rather that the subject mandates the object.	Politeness usually requires that the speaker shall mention the addressed person first, and himself last.	1
39	<cause> forbids <effect>	<cause> forbids <effect> to <effect>	forbid.verb.02	Verbal	forbid, [to]	Inhibit	Not Purpose	Obligation/permission	Very rarely causal. Usually just obligation/permission.	Her sense of modesty forbids her to speak up.	1
40	<cause> prevents <effect>	<cause> prevents <effect> from <effect>	all	Verbal	prevent, [from]	Inhibit		Obligation/permission		A market sensitive regulatory authority not only prevents some of the problems, but is pro-market.	1
41	<cause> prohibits <effect>	<cause> prohibits <effect> from <effect>	prohibit.verb.01	Verbal	prohibit, [from]	Inhibit	Not Purpose	Obligation/permission	Very rarely causal. Usually just obligation/permission.	The cost of safety glass often prohibits its use in private buildings.	1
42	<adequate cause> to <effect>	<adequate cause> for <effect> [to <effect>] <adequately cause> to <effect> <adequately cause> for <effect> [to <effect>] <cause> is adequate to <effect> <cause> is adequate for <effect> [to <effect>]		Complex	adequate, [for], [to]	Facilitate		Sufficiency/extremity	"Adequate" should be included in the cause. Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "adequate" on its own generally means just that there is some expected level that has been met.	We have adequate time to listen to this.	5
43	<enough cause> to <effect>	<enough cause> that <effect> <enough cause> for <effect> to <effect> <cause enough> to <effect> <cause enough> that <effect> <cause enough> for <effect> to <effect> <enough> to <effect> <enough> that <effect> <enough> for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	enough, [that], [for], [to]	Facilitate		Sufficiency/extremity	"Enough" should be included in the cause. Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "enough" on its own generally means just that there is some expected level that has been met. In the unusual event that the cause is a full clause, rather than an adjective, the full clause should be annotated.	We have enough time to listen to this.	8
44	<so cause> that <effect>	<so much/many cause> that <effect> <so cause>, <effect> <so much/many cause>, <effect>		Complex	so, [much], [many]	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Sufficiency/extremity	"So" and "much" should be included in the cause. In the unusual event that the cause is a full clause, rather than an adjective, the full clause should be annotated, including the part before the "so."	She got so lonely that she decided to watch TV.	3
45	<sufficient cause> to <effect>	<sufficient cause> that <effect> <sufficient cause> for <effect> to <effect> <sufficiently cause> that <effect> <sufficiently cause> for <effect> to <effect> <sufficient> to <effect> <sufficient> for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	sufficient[ly], [that], [for], [to]	Facilitate		Sufficiency/extremity	"Sufficient[ly]" should be included in the cause. Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "sufficient" on its own generally means just that there is some expected level that has been met.	It must contain sufficient criteria to prevent cost to the taxpayer to the greatest extent possible.	6
46	<insufficient cause> to <effect>	<insufficient cause> for <effect> to <effect> <insufficiently cause> for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	insufficient[ly], [for], [to]	Inhibit		Sufficiency/extremity	"Insufficient[ly]" should be included in the cause. Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "insufficient" on its own generally means just that there is some expected level that has been met.	It must contain sufficient criteria to prevent cost to the taxpayer to the greatest extent possible.	2
47	<too cause> to <effect>	<too cause> for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	too, [for], to	Inhibit		Sufficiency/extremity	"Too" should be included in the cause. Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "too __" on its own generally means just that there is some expected level that has been surpassed.	Virtually every primary dealer is considered too big or too interconnected to fail.	1
48	Once <cause>, <effect>	<effect> once <cause>		Adverbial	once	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal		Once we started seeing results, we began to relax.
49	<effect> in advance of <cause>	in advance of <cause>, <effect>		Complex	in, advance, of	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal	Causal when used to suggest "in preparation for."	What these reflections mean for Catholics worldwide is under discussion in advance of the upcoming synod of bishops.
50	in the aftermath of <cause>, <effect>	<effect> in the aftermath of <cause>		Complex	in, the, aftermath, of	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal		In the aftermath of the vote, the sense that the Union is fracturing cannot be ignored.
51	<effect> in the wake of <cause>	in the wake of <cause>, <effect>		Complex	in, the, wake, of	Facilitate		Temporal		In the wake of the storm, there were many broken tree limbs.
52	<effect>, since <cause>	Since <cause>, <effect>		Conjunction (subordinating)	since	Facilitate		Temporal		Religion should not be substituted for science, nor the reverse, since they deal with different domains.
53	<cause>, and then <effect>	Then, <effect>		Conjunction (subordinating)	then	Facilitate		Temporal	Generally only causal when the effect has a modality of possibility. Another indicator of causality is "only" (i.e., "only then...").	I'll buy some peanut butter, and only then can I make a sandwich.
54	the aftermath of <cause> is <effect>			Nominal	aftermath	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal	Usually appears with an argument missing. Should not be annotated for "in the aftermath of," which is its own collocation.	Residents are still dealing with the aftermath of the storm.
55	<effect> at <cause>	At <cause>, <effect>		Prepositional	at	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Temporal		I jumped at the sound of the bell.
56	Before <effect>, <cause>	<cause> before <effect>		Prepositional	before	Facilitate		Temporal	Usually only causal in the sense of "as a precondition for."	Before he can come to the US, he'll have to get a visa.
57	following <cause>, <effect>			Prepositional	following	Facilitate		Temporal		Following the storm, utility companies swept through looking for precarious tree limbs.
58	Over <time-unit of cause>, <effect>	Over <time-unit>, <effect>		Prepositional	over	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal	Very rarely causal.	Over 3000 years of domestication, silkworms have lost their flight skills.
59	upon <cause>, <effect>	<effect> upon <cause> on <cause>, <effect> <effect> on <cause>		Prepositional	upon	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Temporal	Only in the sense of "immediately following."	Upon hearing the news, she burst into tears.	1
60	after <cause>, <effect>	<effect> after <cause>		Prepositional	after	Facilitate (unless it's the end of the cause that produces the effect)		Temporal	Don't annotate "even after," which is its own construction.	After I had a drink, I felt much better.
61	Before <cause>, <effect>	<effect> before <cause>		Prepositional	before	Inhibit		Temporal	In usages where later event/state represents the end of the earlier event/state (i.e., where "before" is used like "until").	Before I came to the US, I never bothered to smile for photos.
62	<effect> until <cause>			Prepositional	until	Inhibit (disentail)		Temporal	Causal almost exclusively when it appears with a negated effect, and used to indicate that the cause is a precondition for the effect not to happen.	We can't let you go until we see improvement.
63	during <cause>, <effect>			Prepositional	during	Facilitate		Temporal		During the thunderstorm, we all hunkered down inside.
64	while <cause>, <effect>			Prepositional	while	Facilitate		Temporal	Only in the sense of "during."	While the family was on vacation, the burgler was able to come and go as he pleased. While recovering, his batting average was significantly lower.
65	within <time-unit> of <cause>, <effect>	within <time-unit> after <cause>, <effect> within <time-unit>, <effect> <effect> within <time-unit> <effect> within <time-unit> of <cause> <effect> within <time-unit> after <cause>		Prepositional	within, [of], [after]	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation	Temporal		Within two minutes of drinking the cocktail, Tom was dead.	1
66	<effect> takes <cause>	it takes <cause> to <effect> it takes <cause> for <effect> to <effect> <effect> will take <cause> <effect> will take <cause> to <effect>	necessitate.verb.01	Verbal	[it], take, [for], [to]	Facilitate		Temporal		It will take ten men to construct this building.	1
67	<effect> comes after <cause>			Verbal	come, after	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal	May have a time unit before the "after," which we do not annotate.	The investigation comes after government watchdogs raised red flags about classified material possibly being shared.
68	<effect> follows <cause>			Verbal	follow	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal	If used intransitively, no cause should be annotated.	The plunge in stock prices followed a disappointing earnings report.
69	when <cause>, <effect>	<cause> when <effect>		Prepositional	when	Facilitate		Temporal, Context	Context when it could be replaced with "where." Temporal otherwise.	When they told me the price, I nearly fainted.
70	<effect> as long as <cause>			Complex	as, long, as	Facilitate	Not Purpose	Temporal, Hypothetical	Only in the sense of "provided that." Should not be annotated as causal when used to mean either "for the full duration of" (e.g., "That's been there as long as I've been alive") or "once it's already the case that..." (e.g., "As long as you're doing it, you might as well do it well.").	As long as you feed him, he'll be cooperative.
71	<effect> is conditioned on <cause>	<effect> is conditional on <cause>		Adjectival	[conditioned], [conditional], on	Facilitate	Not Purpose			Our participation is conditional on your good behavior.	1
72	<effect> is contingent on <cause>			Adjectival	contingent, on	Facilitate	Not Purpose			Resolution of the conflict was contingent on the signing of a ceasefire agreement.
73	<cause> is critical to <effect>			Adjectival	critical, to	Facilitate			Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "critical" on its own does not imply that there is a particular effect that the erstwhile cause is critical for.	Transparency is critical to a fair judicial system.
74	<cause> is essential to <effect>			Adjectival	essential to	Facilitate			Should only be annotated if the effect is given; "essential" on its own does not imply that there is a particular effect that the erstwhile cause is essential for.	Transparency is essential to a fair judicial system.
75	<cause> is responsible for <effect>			Adjectival	responsible, for	Facilitate	Consequence		Only in the sense of "being the primary cause of something and so able to be blamed or credited for it." Should not be annotated when it is attributing an action to an actor (e.g., "My dad was responsible for breaking the vase").	Residential use is responsible for a surprisingly small amount of the water shortage.
76	<cause> is vital to <effect>	<cause> is vital for <effect>		Adjectival	vital, [to], [for]	Facilitate	Consequence			Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise.	1
77	<cause>, and consequently, <effect>	Consequently, <effect>		Adverbial	consequently	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation			They often avoid reading and consequently fail to improve.
78	<cause>; hence, <effect>	Hence <effect>.		Adverbial	hence	Facilitate	Not Purpose		Cause may be conjoined to hence + effect by any conjunction or juxtaposition. When "hence" appears at the start of a sentence, only the effect should be annotated.	Today there will be a stiff breeze and hence a high windchill.
79	<cause>; therefore, <effect>	Therefore, <effect>.		Adverbial	therefore	Facilitate			If this connective appears at the start of a sentence, no cause should be annotated: we are currently only concerned with intra-sentential arguments, and in any case it can be difficult to determine how much previous material is the cause.	Therefore, we should consider how to most appropriately give the Fed the necessary authority.
80	<cause> is why <effect>			Adverbial	why	Facilitate	Not Purpose			That is why I believe in regulation properly done.
81	For <effect> to <effect>, <cause>	<cause> for <effect> to <effect> <cause> to <effect> for <effect>, <cause> in order to <effect>, <cause>		Complex	[in], [order], [for], [to]	Facilitate	Consequence		The cause must be a clause whose modality includes some form of obligation (e.g., "must"). Note that this may be abbreviated to just "to." Even in this case, it is Consequence, not Purpose. This construction includes all "need to"/"need for" constructions, "necessary" constructions, and many "require" constructions, as well (e.g., "Greece will need debt relief to get back on its feet"; "more data is required to make a decision"). When "in order to" is used with modality of obligation to mean enablement, as in "We must get lots of input in order to make a good product," it falls into this category, rather than Purpose.	For market discipline to be effective, market participants must not expect that lending from the Fed is readily available. We'll need a lot of input to create the best product. To get good ice cream, you have to go to Mercurio's.	4
82	As a result, <effect>	<cause>, and as a result, <effect> <effect> as a result of <cause>		Complex	as, result, [of]	Facilitate			If this connective appears at the start of a sentence, no cause should be annotated. "A" should be omitted, because other determiners ("the", "one") can take its place.	As a result, vital legislation involving the budget, elections, and amendments remains trapped.	1
83	<effect> by virtue of <cause>			Complex	by, [virtue], [of]	Facilitate				They hold the posts by virtue of family connections.
84	<cause> clears the way for <effect>	<cause> clears the way for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	clear, the, way, for, [to]	Facilitate	Consequence			This FCC vote clears the way for lower-cost mobile data.	1
85	For <DET purpose=effect>, <cause>	<effect> for the purpose of <cause> for the purpose of <cause>, <effect> <effect>, for DET purpose(s): <cause(s)> <effect> for purposes of <cause> <effect> for <cause purposes>		Complex	For, purpose, [of]	Facilitate	Purpose		Determiner should not be included, as it can vary between instances.	For that reason, I look forward to hearing from today's witnesses. I need to know for tax purposes.	4
86	For <DET reason=cause>, <effect>	<effect> for the reason that <cause> <effect>, for DET reason(s): <cause(s)> <effect> for reasons of <cause> <effect> for <cause reasons>		Complex	For, reason, [of]	Facilitate	Motivation			For that reason, I look forward to hearing from today's witnesses.	4
87	<effect> in case <cause>	<effect> in case of <cause>		Complex	in, case, [of]	Facilitate	Motivation		Usually describes one action being taken out of a perception for the possibility of another.	He placed a suitcase in the corner in case of an emergency trip to the hospital.	1
88	<effect> in an effort to <cause>	In an effort to <cause>, <effect>		Complex	in, effort, to	Facilitate	Purpose			I climbed the ladder in an effort to see into the attic.
89	<effect> in response to <cause>	In response, <effect>		Complex	in, response, [to]	Facilitate	Motivation		Only in the sense of "as a reaction to," not in the sense of answering verbally or in writing.	In response to heavy criticism, the CDC rescinded its recommendations.	1
90	In the face of <cause>, <effect>			Complex	in, the, face, of	Facilitate	Not Purpose			The debate has sharpened in the face of concerns about the safety of formaldehyde-treated flooring.
91	in view of <cause>, <effect>			Complex	in, view, of	Facilitate	Motivation			In view of this new evidence, we would like to reconsider our decision.
92	<effect> on grounds of <cause>	<effect> on the grounds of <cause> <effect> on the grounds that <cause> <effect> on <cause grounds>		Complex	on, grounds, [of], [that]	Facilitate	Motivation			Participants were chosen on the grounds of their past work.	2
93	<cause> opens the way for <effect>	<cause> opens the way to <effect> <cause> opens the way for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	open, the, way, [for], [to]	Facilitate	Consequence			This decision opens the way for much broader application of the law.	2
94	<cause> opens the door for <effect>	<cause> opens the door to <effect> <cause> opens the door for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	open, door, [for], [to]	Facilitate	Consequence			This opens doors to opportunity.	2
95	<cause> paves the way for <effect>	<cause> paves the way for <effect> to <effect>		Complex	pave, the, way, for, [to]	Facilitate	Not Purpose			Her success paves the way for the county's next wave of female wrestlers.	1
96	<effect> so as to <cause>			Complex	so, as, to	Facilitate	Purpose			He nudged a stick aside so as to let the flames breathe.
97	<effect> with DET goal of <cause>			Complex	with, goal, of	Facilitate	Purpose		Note that the cause and effect may seem to be backwards. The motivating argument is always the cause. The determiner should not be included in the annotation.	The speaker of Parliament read a roll call of the 275 elected members with a goal of shaming the no-shows.
98	<effect> with DET objective of <cause>			Complex	with, objective, of	Facilitate	Purpose		Note that the cause and effect may seem to be backwards. The motivating argument is always the cause. The determiner should not be included in the annotation.	The speaker of Parliament read a roll call of the 275 elected members with the objective of shaming the no-shows.
99	<effect> on condition of <cause>			Complex	on, condition, of	Facilitate	Consequence or Motivation		Usually seems to be "on condition of anonymity."	Only on condition of a radical widening of definitions will it be possible to consider art the only social power.
100	<cause>, so <effect>			Conjunction (coordinating)	so	Facilitate			Should not be annotated when used as a discourse marker to set off a new statement (e.g., "So where are we going?").	We will probably have some votes, so we will maximize our time.