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Non-Governmental Organization

https://www.facebook.com/Sail4ethics-111834524032838

Decarbonisation of fleets from ocean intitutions

Decarbonisation of fleets from ocean intitutions

Yes

Australian Seaweed Institute

Australian Seaweed Institute

Our work indicates that seaweed farms placed in targeted locations can provide benefits to improve ocean health and resilience by buffering ocean acidification and reducing deoxygenation. Seaweed aquaculture needs to be recognised by regulators globally as a regenerative nature based solution.

The Australian Seaweed Institute is developing seaweed biofilters in targeted locations throughout the Great Barrier Reef region to absorb excess dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphorous and carbon dioxide. Modelling of this solution, using detailed biogeochemical and hydrodynamic models, indicate that large scale seaweed biofilters could buffer ocean acidification by 7-21 years at reef scale. This is critical as acidification reduces coral calcification rates and the reef's resilience to tolerate temperature increases. Our work is progressing to field trials with scaling up anticipated over the next 5-10 years to have a large scale benefit for the Great Barrier Reef.

Yes

Annpeters Global humanitarian Foundation

Non-Governmental Organization

www.annpetersfoundation.org

Avoid any toxic element in the ocean like crude oil,fuel and even deification on the ocean.Avoid constant fishing,pollution of the ocean and a strict warning of ocean operators,fisher men and ocean users to keep off for the period of COVID for safety purposes.Discharging toxic inside the ocean should be avoided.

New partnership should be placed on virtual attendance.Also seminar should be considered on how to avoid and maintain ocean and strict warning on de-oxygenation,acidification should be placed and fees should also be placed.

Yes

Education & Academic Entities

https://www.linkedin.com/in/saliha-zerdoum-13aab8b1/

Pour lutter contre l'acidification des océans, la principale mesure est de réduire les émissions de CO2 d'origine humaine. Si la quantité de CO2 rejetée dans l'atmosphère diminue, le CO2 dissout dans l'océan diminuera également ce qui ralentira le phénomène d'acidification

Yes

Jesuit Justice and Ecology Network Africa

COVID prevented many representatives of coastal developing countries from attending COP26. The COP then failed to achieve a trajectory that would preserve the ocean ecosystems on which these country's populations rely. We cannot allow this pandemic to continue to exacerbate power imbalances in governance processes as important as the UNFCCC. The pandemic has also demonstrated the importance of South-South and North-South collaboration and led many to question the necessity of expensive and often exclusionary field expeditions led by northern scientists.

The most important partners are coastal communities. Especially wen it comes to coastal hypoxia, there is a significant lack of data in the global south. We should establish monitoring networks in collaboration with local communities that will help fill in this gap.

We need to get GHG emissions under control. The current situation is absolutely unacceptable and is the result of moral blindness on the part of political and business leaders in the Global North. Where local factors contribute to OA and hypoxia, these should be addressed with coastal communities in the center of management processes.

Yes

Underwater Cultural Heritage is the witness of our common memory spanning millennia. Vestiges are however endangered by global warming, water acidification and pollution.Especially cChange in seawater temperatures affects the expansion of teredo navalis, putting in danger cultural heritage sites, especially ancient shipwrecks.

It is important to include cultural heritage experts in all discussions as they know and rightly evaluate sites.

The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage calls in its Article 5 on each State Party to use the best practicable means at its disposal to prevent or mitigate any adverse effects that might arise from activities under its jurisdiction incidentally affecting underwater cultural heritage.
It is thus important to involve cultural heritage experts in all discussions.

Yes

Non-Governmental Organization

transformbottomtrawling.org

Fishing vessels release 159 million tonnes of CO2 each year. This is the equivalent CO2 from 40 coal-fired power stations. Of all fishing methods, bottom trawling produces the most emissions - three times more than non-trawl fisheries - and the footprint of seafood caught by bottom trawlers is among the highest of all foods.

Bottom trawling also disturbs the world’s largest carbon stores. The research in this area is nascent, and warrants urgent further investment, but this disturbance may be resulting in as much as one billion tonnes of CO2 entering the atmosphere each year. This is around 54 tonnes of CO2 per year for every tonne of seafood landed.

It is critical that states and intergovernmental organisations give small-scale artisanal fishers a voice in global fisheries and climate dialogues. This necessitates stronger partnerships between governments and small-scale artisanal fishers groups, IPLC groups, and other environmental stewards.

To advance SDG14, member states must:

1. Establish, expand and strengthen national inshore exclusion zones (IEZs) for small-scale fishers in which bottom trawling is prohibited.

2. Prohibit bottom trawling in all marine protected areas (outside IEZs) to ensure vulnerable habitats and ecosystems are effectively protected and recovered.

3. End subsidised bottom trawling and allocate financial and technical resources to support a fair transition for fleets.

4. Prohibit the expansion of bottom trawling to new, untrawled areas.

Yes

Partnership for Observation of the Global Ocean (POGO)

Non-Governmental Organization

To properly address these challenges requires sustained, global-scale observations of ocean acidification (pH, carbonate chemistry), dissolved oxygen and temperature. To achieve this on a truly global scale requires a fully operational global ocean observing system, and the COVID pandemic has demonstrated weaknesses in the existing system, which relies heavily on human intervention and ships to deploy and maintain the systems. Although this will always be the case, more efforts should be made to increase the resilience of the observing system as well as increasing its coverage, which is still very much lacking in the Southern Hemisphere and particularly around the coasts of developing countries.

There are many organisations and projects working on ocean observation and capacity development related to these topics, and better communication and coordination are required. It is hoped that the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development will offer such opportunities.

Capacity development is needed to provide training, infrastructure and long-term support to help developing countries establish/ maintain coastal monitoring systems. Work on this is being done by various organisations (POGO, Nippon Foundation, SCOR, Ocean Foundation/GOA-ON, IODE…). Development of new low-cost technologies is also very important, as well as citizen science. Under the uncertain economic climate brought about by the pandemic, it is critical to stimulate a greater investment by governments world-wide into sustained, long-term monitoring of their coastal waters (and beyond) and also support for international observing networks (GOOS, GOA-ON, GO2NE, Argo etc) and a commitment to international efforts to make data FAIR.

Yes

Environmental Defense Fund

Non-Governmental Organization

Aquatic foods have enormous potential to contribute to achieving our food and nutrition goals while reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from our global food systems. Aquatic foods generally have a lower carbon footprint than terrestrial animal-sourced foods, and footprints can be reduced by shifting to lower-impact species and improving existing systems.

However, warming waters, ocean acidification, storms, and other climate impacts threaten the productivity, quality, and safety of blue foods, especially of wild-capture fisheries. Investments in adaptation and resilience are urgently needed to ensure sustained blue food contributions under climate change.

The Blue/Aquatic Foods Action Coalition brings together UN Member State governments and participants from civil society, the fishing and aquaculture industry, and other sectors and can be built upon to further multiple goals.

* Make sustainable, nature-positive blue foods a key part of Nationally Determined Contributions. This will require taking the necessary steps to document and demonstrate the adaptation and mitigation gains, for which countries should begin immediately to gather the required data.

* Include blue food ecosystems, infrastructure, workers, and assets in National Adaptation Plans.

* Mobilize climate mitigation and adaptation financing for blue foods, ensuring access for small-scale actors.

* Work across agencies to maximize the potential of blue foods to reduce carbon emissions from the food system while supporting nutrition, livelihoods, and economies.

* Invest in integrated solutions to enhance the resilience of coastal communities.

Yes

Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA); Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR)e

Education & Academic Entities

https://www.ccmar.ualg.pt/group/oceanography-and-climate-change

COVID has proved the importance of collaboration on the global level to solve significant threats. The impact of climate change on the ocean is one such problem. Furthermore, it proved the need to support less developed countries. We need long time series generated by instrumental monitoring to assess any ocean change, not available for many countries. However, climate warming started before 1850, so an accurate baseline to differentiate between natural (pre-1850) and human-induced changes can only be found in the ocean sediment record. Those time series generated by paleoceanographic studies provide also must need information on tipping points and climate sensitivity that constitute ideal analogs for current and future changes.

Long-term monitoring of the modern ocean or sediment record observations, relevant to interpret ocean changes are only possible through partnerships between different levels and sectors of stakeholders (incl. industry) to maintain and possibly expand the existing systems (e.g., EMSO nodes).

The rise of virtual meetings and webinars (e.g., Go2NE webinars) allowed information from different countries/ regional conditions to reach the global community, potentially fostering future collaborations and new research ideas. Furthermore, virtual courses proved to be an excellent way to give equal teaching conditions to students and young researchers from many different countries (330 students from 30 in a CCMAR’s online biogeochemistry course in 2021). Equally, the importance of free access to laboratories, libraries, and existing scientific data became evident as a promoter of identical assessment conditions for all.


Lelia Matos, Antje Voelker, Fatima Abrantes

Yes

Eutrophication and ocean acidification major threat to ocean species and biodiversity. Restorative aquaculture practices, however, can be an important contributor to alleviating this problem. Seaweed growing’s potentially important role in the fight against climate change, through carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous absorption. As a significantly added benefit, seaweed is a zero input crop, requiring no fresh water, land or insecticide or fertiliser.

There has been increasing focus on the importance of restorative aquaculture practices over the last two years. It is important for more partnerships across business, NGOs, governmental, academia and communities to develop, and for continuing education on these practices.

- Greater support for small-holder seaweed farmers and farmers in coastal communities in less economically developed countries
- For seaweed especially, it is important for consensus to be developed on how the industry grows in a sustainable and responsible way for people health and planet health, including a focus on sustainable farming practices rather than degradation of wild kelp forests
- Greater research into site location for seaweed farms to be placed in particularly areas where acidification and eutrophication may be heightened and seaweed farming/restorative aquaculture practices could have high positive impact in mitigation

Yes

Non-Governmental Organization

Upsurge in wild fires in Australia, the arctic countries and elsewhere has further increased CO2 release into the atmosphere and thus affected ocean acidification together with other major emissions. Uptake of excess heat by the ocean is warming and deoxygenising thus leading to poleward movements of marine mobile organisms and shrinking of their size. That will affect global wild catches of marine resources increasingly and up the bills of aquaculture for oxygenation. We know that drastically reducing fossil fuels is the single most significant opportunity to address all three challenges. That requires large-scale international cooperation and citizen mobilisation boosting alternatives.

Use the technical capabilities of the petro-industry to pump meltwater from under the glaciers to keep them in place and refreeze, instead of producing and burning more fossil fuels; engage the financial sector in investing in climate proof futures by upping the stakes with help of central banks.

Ambitously restrict fossil fuels for mobility through greater efficiency, traffic reduction, alternative sources, including reducing bottom trawling provoking CO2 mobilisation like the aeronautics industry. Incentivise insulation with natural materials in construction for heating and cooling. Expand marine protected areas in inclusive ways as healthy ecosystems cope better. Take all measures keeping in mind human rights and social justice. Encourage emergence of new social role models for parsimonious use of resources in rich countries which bear over-proportional responsibility. More culture, less waste.

Yes

Geo-Tech Consultancy Services

http://www.gcspakistan.com

COVID-19 does not have significant affect on acidification, deoxygenation and ocean warming, instead these characteristics are mostly governed by deep sea ocean currents, climate change and oceans volatility. Generally, Deep sea ocean currents and climate change increase the volatility of the oceans and this volatilization develop typhoons and hurricanes which neutralizes these impacts on oceanic environment but leave a permanent scars on the oceanic environment in the form of warming sea and other disturbances to Biodiversity and ecosystem environment. This is the reason that ocean related disaster incidents are increasing in Europe, Central & North America, South & South-East Asia and Eastern Africa.

IAEG-SDGs already have the mandate for it but need to be focused more on deep sea data collection and involves DOSI Deep Sea Biodiversity Conservation Task force in it.

COVID data strongly recommend to go for ESG sustainable approach to address SDG 14 goals with the help of IPBES, CBD stakeholders by involving DOSI Deep Sea Biodiversity Conservation Task Force, particularly to GBEC and all over the Blue world generally, by giving special incentives to the stakeholders.

Yes

Ifremer - French Institute of Research for Marine Exploitation

Science & Technological Community

To my knowledge, the impact of the health crisis and the reduction of human activities on the ocean acidification, deoxygenation and ocean warming is not documented. It would be important to collect marine data and analyze them to identify, at a regional scale, the impacts of the reduction of human activities on these parameters.

In a context of sustainability science, development of strengthened partnerships with stakeholders to provide science-based and co-constructed solutions to address major global challenges.

Need to develop research activity related to the impacts of ocean acidification, deoxygenation and ocean warming on marine biodiversity including ecosystem services.
Integrate ocean acidification, deoxygenation and ocean warming in the development of the ocean digital twin.
Need to develop framework and technologies for decarbonization of different blue economy sectors such as marine living and non-living resource exploitation, marine renewable energy including ocean energy, port and shipping activities, coastal tourism.

Yes

Trends - Protecting spawning grounds, banning single-use plastics, limit marine traffic; Challenges - Big industry demands use of marine resources at their disposal and industry is interconnected with government (trade relationships); Opportunities - Large industries can 'champion' the movement for more sustainable marine practices, and if their public profile is enhanced as a result, leading to greater profitability, competitors will inevitably follow suit.

Promote knowledge- and experience-sharing to improve the management of transboundary water bodies; Enhanced public and private sector capacities for compliance with the new legal regimes to measurably transform major ocean industries on a path towards sustainability.

Finding ways to connect issues with things that affect people’s everyday lives is a great way to show that these issues have real effects; Political pressure together with grants and other incentives to encourage individual countries, regions, and private businesses to promote more environmentally sustainable products and practices.

Yes

Whale and Dolphin Conservation

Non-Governmental Organization

Opportunity: Enhancement of Ocean recovery via nature-based solutions such as restoration of biodiversity, including whales and dolphins.

Opportunity: Trophic rewilding: ecological restoration of top-down trophic interactions to promote self-regulating biodiverse ecosystems

Essential to work with industry and decision makers to transition to more ocean friendly practices.

MEAs - working with industry stakeholders and governments. Interlinkages between all the different levels all MEAs.

Better linkages between marine species conservation fora with UN level policy.

UN/industry working groups for transition and implementation of solutions.

Strict zoning of ocean areas will be required in order to have a chance for biodiversity within a sustainability regime.

Zoned areas for biodiversity protection will need to be highly protected and much larger in the ocean than on land

Countries to assume a significantly greater role in the funding and supporting of MPAs, site management and conservation initiatives that restore ocean health.

Yes

Non-Governmental Organization

https://unitedbythesea.org/

United by the Sea's mission of protecting the Ocean by raising Awareness and promoting Open Education and Open Science through dedicated campaigns that combine the use of Film as one of the most powerful tools for sharing information and bring ocean-related knowledge to people all around the world in partnership with most reliable Institutions. We are following closely all major problems and solutions as our core contents, and we will do our best both in promoting campaigns, initiatives and events that contribute to address the problem as much as documenting and disseminate information about this topic through film

Yes

Non-Governmental Organization

www.peaceboat.org/english

Decarbonization of the maritime sector is vital in order to address ocean acidification, deoxygenation and ocean warming. Reducing carbon emissions from ocean going vessels to zero will send a key message from ocean users about the impact of carbon emissions on the health of the ocean.
There has been significant progress in recent years in increasing public knowledge and awareness of the impact of the climate crisis on our ocean. This needs to be built on with more public education both formal and informal. The impacts of ocean acidification, deoxygenation and ocean warming should be shared by the scientific community working in this field and also by coastal communities living with these impacts.

The decarbonisation of the maritime sector requires partnerships between the private sector, academia, civil society including vessel users/owners, shipyards, and classification societies.
For public awareness raising, partnerships are needed between academica, the public sector and civil society.

We recommend supporting steps to decarbonise the maritime sector including transitional models in the short term and increase public awareness and advocacy programmes which connect the ocean and climate crises. Peace Boat is committed to both of these with our own ongoing projects and welcome new partnerships to advance and further development

Yes

ciscos/Ugl (centro Internazionale sindacale per la cooperazione allo sviluppo

Non-Governmental Organization

It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, the ocean and the land. There have been widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere.
The increases observed in greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations since about 1750 are unequivocally caused by human activities. Atmospheric concentrations have continued to increase since 2011, reaching annual averages of 410 ppm for carbon dioxide (CO2), 1,866 ppb for methane (CH4), and 332 ppb for nitrous oxide (N2O) in 2019. probably contributed to the changing pattern of surface ocean salinity.The ocean surface layer (0-700m) has warmed since the 1970s and man-made CO2 emissions are the cause of the current global acidification of the surface ocean.

Changes in the atmosphere ocean cryosphere and biospherein greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations are unequivocally caused by human activities, have continued to increase reaching annual averages of 410 ppm for carbon dioxide (CO2 ), 1,866 ppb for methane (CH4) and 332 ppb for nitrous oxide (N2O).

The latest data reported by leading scientists show unprecedented changes in the world climate. According to the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global warming is causing an increase in changes in rainfall patterns, oceans and winds in all regions of the world; in some cases these are irreversible changes. According to scientists, human action can change the course of events. An immediate, rapid and large-scale reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and achieving a net zero CO2 balance can limit climate change and its effects.

Yes

BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT

Latin America and the Caribbean

Non-Governmental Organization

https://www.slideshare.net/GeorgeRADJOU

Oceans buffer 1/3 of CO2 are acidic, warmer threatened lives under oceans. COP 26 lacks of data. 1.5° Celsius ambition to protect coral reefs will not be reached (2100). 2020, temperature increases: 0.8°C compared to IR average (15°C). Forecast: 40% chance of 2% C (2025). Sea levels up to 76 cm: sea intrusion, smaller country surface, agriculture erosion, displacement, no fresh water, more conflicts, deforestation, land grab/planning, disasters, violence, more floods, health, transport disruptions, telecommunication, energy, food/water losses. Adaption for survival is key. Oil exploration in ocean is bad, particularly in overseas territories (tourism). Review the environmental justice and definition of sustainability.

SDG 14: 50% is waste. Separating cost and health is cost-less, however, health is priced. Business ethics with packaging functions (profit, cost) management, for example, plastic and glass and new health system (minimizing resources, thus waste) with the circular economy/engineering method.

Covid 19 was not just a health hazard. It was a food, water, housing, communication, transport, refugee displacement are issues with the organization. In average country productive organization is 60%-80% of the economy. The sustainability development (economy, society, ecology) is made with the whole supply chain from the suppliers, human resources, processes, sales, and consumers, via the packaging function(cost, profit). A claim is the management of contexts. The match in adaptation between internal and external business environments. Planning for uncertainties help to have both the solidarity and the resources for the helper, in order to reduce the vulnerability to exposure, and the strategic designs (potential, capability, regulation)

Yes

Non-Governmental Organization

Seawater pH is a critical variable in marine systems and small changes will have a large impact on ocean chemistry. These changes may affect geochemical behavior of some chemical compounds. Toxicity of inorganic mercury compounds (HgCl2) in marine environments usually increases with decreasing salinity and lowering pH of sea water. The chemical changes in the oceans caused by increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere will lower pH, an increase in dissolved CO2, while reduce the concentration of carbonate ions and an increase in bicarbonate ions. Special attention should be place on further water quality monitoring as well as CO2 reduction

There is an interaction of the chemical changes in the oceans and global climate change and atmospheric chemistry. It has to be considered by policy makers during negotiations
of multilateral environmental agreements such are the UNFCCC, Minamata Convention and other global challenges.

1.Action needs to be focused to significantly reduce global emissions of CO2 from human activities to the atmosphere by 2050 to avoid the irreversible damage derived from ocean acidification.2. Given the potential impacts of ocean chemical changes a special attention has to be paid to enlarged investments of internationally coordinated research including monitoring. To improve ocean observation and monitoring is needed to enable to determine the impact of climate change on the ocean and to mitigate climate change and adapt to it.

Yes

Ocean Policy Research Institute of the Sasakawa Peace Foundation (OPRI-SPF)

Science & Technological Community

https://www.spf.org/en/opri/

Continuous monitoring on ocean acidification, deoxygenation, and ocean warming has been undertaken and the results have been released as key information to explore mitigation and prevention measures. However, such monitoring has been limited to some sea areas. The continuity and methodological consistency need to be further enhanced to formulate effective intervening measures. There is limited information on the positive impacts of economic stagnation due to the pandemic concerning ocean acidification, deoxygenation, and warming. There have not been effective measures to mitigate, prevent and adapt to acidification and ocean warming. Its short-term and long-term impacts also need to be monitored and assessed.

Scientific monitoring and evaluation have been promoted through national, regional, and international organizations. It would be also useful to explore further discussions on mitigation, prevention, and adaptation measures to acidification, deoxygenation, and ocean warming.

Increased support needs to be given to the continuous monitoring of ocean acidification, deoxygenation, warming and their impacts particularly to expand the geographic coverage of monitoring, improve monitoring methodology and data sharing across the world. Information sharing and good practice exchanges should be promoted in order to explore effective mitigation, prevention and adaptation measures to ocean acidification, deoxygenation and warming. The conservation and restoration of buffer zone ecosystems such as blue carbon ecosystems can help mitigate the effects of ocean acidification locally.

Yes